Genocide In the Shadow of War

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Presentation transcript:

Genocide In the Shadow of War The Armenians Genocide In the Shadow of War

Armenia: Nation In Flux Ancient Armenia Crossroads Buffer State Christian in 301 CE Unique alphabet Medieval Armenia Byzantine 1045 Turkish conquest 1370s Ottoman Turks 1400s Ottoman Armenia Armenian Millet Armenian Church leads Autonomy High taxes, but loyal…

Armenia: Geopolitical Issues Napoleonic War (Egypt) >Tanzimat Era Reform + Greeks + Balkans fight for independence Crimean War realities = Ottoman retrenchment & survival mindset Reform or repress? OE chooses repression

Armenian Response to Repression Armenian Self-Defense Movement: Union of Salvation 1872 Black Cross Society 1878 Armenakan Party 1885 OE views these as threats to OE rule…

OE >> Young Turk Rule Hamidian Massacres 1890s = Xenophobia Young Turks 1889 >> CUP >> 1908 Coup Liberalism v. Nationalism Adana Massacres 1909 Balkan Wars (1912-13) > Enver Pasha Coup Young Turk Dictatorship Pan-Turkism + Turkification >> Anti-Armenianism

WWI >> Genocide Armenian leaders appeal for OE neutrality OE joins Central Powers… geopolitics! Armenians join OE army OE fails in Sarkamish Campaign 12/1914 Scapegoat? Armenian collusion w/ R? “Special Organization” formed… Armenian soldiers disarmed…. 2/1915

Genocide: Systematic & Intentional Extermination Armenian removed from civil service 3/1915 Special Organization battalions kill civilians Deportation, Starvation, Murder 3/1915 Intellectuals, leaders arrested, imprisoned, murdered 4/1915 Deportation Committee > Death marches & Mass executions 5/1915 Failed resistance in Van, etc 5-10/1915

Genocide Q Genocide = intentional and systematic plan to execute and eliminate an entire people group Geopolitics + Jingoism + Xenophobia = Recipe for genocide Given the news and situation… What, if any, global response should have occurred? Justify.