Reactions of Acids
3 reactions to know Acid + Metal SALT + Hydrogen Acid + BASE SALT + Water Acid + Metal carbonate SALT + Water + CO2
A BASE is a metal oxide or metal hydroxide for example, gold oxide, magnesium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide A base that dissolves in water is called an ALKALI A SALT is an ionic compound Formed from a METAL and a NON-METAL From the metal, base or carbonate From the acid
Metal examples Acid + Metal SALT + Hydrogen Calcium + hydrochloric acid ______________ + ________ Calcium chloride Hydrogen Iron + hydrochloric acid ______________ + ________ Iron chloride Hydrogen __________ + hydrochloric acid Titanium chloride + Hydrogen Titanium
Carbonate examples Acid + Metal carbonate SALT + water + CO2 Magnesium carbonate + hydrochloric acid ______________ + ______ + _______ Magnesium chloride Water CO2 Sodium carbonate + hydrochloric acid ______________ + ______ + _______ Sodium chloride Water CO2 ______________ + hydrochloric acid Lithium chloride + _______ + CO2 Lithium carbonate Water
Base examples Acid + Base SALT + water Magnesium oxide + hydrochloric acid _______________ + ______ Magnesium chloride Water Sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid ______________ + ______ Sodium chloride Water ______________ + hydrochloric acid Lithium chloride + water Lithium hydroxide (Or lithium oxide)
SULPHURIC ACID forms salts called SULPHATES So far we have done reactions with hydrochloric acid – this forms salts called CHLORIDES SULPHURIC ACID forms salts called SULPHATES NITRIC ACID forms salts called NITRATES Magnesium + Sulphuric acid _______________ + _______ Magnesium sulphate Hydrogen Sodium carbonate + Sulphuric acid _____________ + _______ + _____ Sodium sulphate Water CO2 Calcium oxide + Nitric acid _____________ + _______ Calcium nitrate Water