The Easter Rising, Partition & Independence 26 southern counties gain independence: Eire, or Ireland 6 northeastern counties (Northern.

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Presentation transcript:

The Easter Rising, 1916

1920-1922 Partition & Independence 26 southern counties gain independence: Eire, or Ireland 6 northeastern counties (Northern Ireland) remain part of the United Kingdom

“The Troubles”

Provisional IRA (Nationalists) Goal: a reunified Irish Republic, free from British rule

Loyalists (Unionists) fighting against Irish republicanism

The British State officially neutral. in practice, often colluded with loyalist paramilitaries. seen as an army of occupation by many Catholics.

Bloody Sunday 30 January 1972

13 shot dead, including 7 teenagers; many others injured 15 June 2010: David Cameron apologizes on behalf of the British government

IRA Bombing Campaign - England Brighton, 1984

City of London, 1993

Manchester, 1996

b. 1939, to a Catholic family in County Derry, on border with Eire 1972 – moves to Irish Republic, became Irish citizen 1995 – wins Nobel Prize for Literature

“Digging” The SPADE of his father and grandfather?

“Digging” Or the GUN of the Troubles?

“Digging” Or a third choice, the PEN?

“Digging” “Between my finger and my thumb The squat pen rests; snug as a gun.” (ll. 1-2) […] The squat pen rests. I’ll dig with it.” (ll.29-31)

The Bog Poems

“The Grauballe Man”

The Dying Gaul (Musei Capitolini)

The Dying Gaul (detail)

Windeby Girl (‘Punishment’)

Alleged drug dealer tarred and feathered by loyalists, 2007