ASIA Conflict & Change (Nationalism & Independence) FSMS Standard SS7H3a.b. Day

ASIA Nationalism & independence SS7H3 – The student will analyze continuity and change in Southern and Eastern Asia leading to the 21st century. a. Describe how nationalism led to independence in India and Vietnam. d. Describe the impact of communism in China in terms of Mao Zedong, the Great Leap Forward, the Cultural Revolution, and Tiananmen Square.

FIRST FIVE Agenda Message: Black History Month homework assignment write two paragraphs about “Eugene Jacques Bullard”. Due Wednesday 2/14/18. Standard: Analyze continuity and change in S&EA leading to the 21st century E.Q. for Tuesday; 2/13/18: Describe European colonialism and what colonies were supposed to provide for their European masters? Warm-Up: Name two beliefs that Hinduism & Buddhism share. Today We Will: Start Gandhi DVD

answers E.Q. Answer for Tuesday 2/13/18: European Imperialism in the 18th & 19th centuries saw colonies as a measure of national power or importance. A strong country was supposed to have colonies to provide raw materials and markets to increase its wealth and importance in the world. Warm-Up: Reincarnation Karma

FIRST FIVE Agenda Message: S&EA Religious Groups Quick Quiz on Friday. Review your Religious Groups worksheets. Standard: Analyze continuity and change in S&EA leading to the 21st century as it relates to the History of Indian & Vietnam. Essential Question, Wednesday; 2/14/18: What is “Nationalism”? Warm-Up: Name two things that colonies were supposed to provide to the European countries that controlled them. Today We Will: Each student write two-questions for Friday’s Quick Quiz Day-1, Gandhi DVD with Active Viewing Worksheet #1

answers E.Q. Answer for Wednesday 2/14/18: The belief that a people should be free to govern their own affairs and be loyal to those with whom they share a common history, customs, origins, language and/or religion. People who share these things often think of themselves as a distinct nation and that they should therefore be free to govern themselves. Warm-Up: Provide raw materials (natural resources) to feed the industrial revolution, and Become markets for manufactured goods

FIRST FIVE Agenda Message: S&EA Quick Quiz on Religious Groups is Friday Feb. 16th. Review your Religious Groups worksheets as your study guide. Standard: Analyze continuity and change in S&EA leading to the 21st century as it relates to the History of Indian & Vietnam. Essential Question, Thursday; 2/15/18: What were the two main religions in India during the independence struggle from Great Britain? Warm-Up: What is Nationalism? Today We Will: Day-2 History of India’s Independence from Great Britain. (Gandhi DVD

answers E.Q. Answer for Thursday 2/15/18: Hinduism & Islam Warm-Up: The belief that a people should be free to govern their own affairs and be loyal to those with whom they share a common history, customs, origins, language and/or religion.

First five Agenda Message: S&EA Quiz on Religious Groups is TODAY! This week’s E.Q.’s & Warm-ups are due Thursday Feb. 22nd. Standard: Analyze continuity and change in S&EA leading to the 21st century as it relates to the History of Indian & Vietnam. Essential Question, Friday; 2/16/18: What was the Muslim League? Warm-Up: Which European power colonized India? Today We Will: Part 3 of Gandhi DVD

answers E.Q. Answer for Friday 2/16/18: He first two groups to form to work for the rights of Indians were the Indian National Congress, organized in 1885 and the Muslim League, begun in 1906. The Indian National Congress attracted mainly Indian Hindus and the Muslim League attracted followers of Islam. Each group called for more independence from British colonial control. Warm-Up Answer: Great Britain

ASIA Nationalism & independence European Imperialism in Asia Europeans in the 18th & 19th centuries saw colonies as a measure of national power or importance and a key part of the system was known as imperialism. A strong country was supposed to have colonies to provide raw materials and markets to increase its wealth and importance in the world.

ASIA Nationalism & independence Some countries, like Britain and France, controlled large areas of the world including Africa, Asia, Australia and the Americas. Another key factor was the work of Christian missionaries. They saw European colonization of Asia as a way to bring Christianity to a “uncivilized” land. Their work gave the colonizers another excuse to do whatever they wanted to do in Asia.

ASIA Nationalism & independence Some European powers allowed large companies to come into the area of Asia they controlled, organizing the Asian population in whatever ways would guarantee the most efficient work force. Others set up colonial governments. They forced the Asian population into going along with colonial demands for work and use of local natural resources.

ASIA Nationalism & independence Asian colonies were divided into administrative districts and put under the power or control of European officials. These administrators were expected to keep the peace, get the work done, and help “civilize” the Asian people. Nearly all Europeans working in Asia felt the local people were backwards and in need of Europe’s civilizing influence. Most knew nothing of the great cultures that were part of Asia’s past.

ASIA Nationalism & independence Life as Part of a Colony Indirect Rule Some European powers like the British used indirect rule. They appointed local chiefs to be their enforcers, to collect taxes, run businesses the British wanted, and put down any trouble that began to emerge. Asians were lured into jobs with promises of wealth, power, and influence.

ASIA Nationalism & independence Assimilation The French took a more direct approach, encouraging Asians to become French citizens, a policy known as assimilation. The French forced those they had conquered to give up their own customs and adopt French ways. Many people in Asian colonies controlled by France began speaking French and several applied for and were granted French citizenship.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS INDIA A feeling of nationalism began to surface in India in the 1800’s. People began to be upset that their country was a part of the British colonial empire. They were treated like second-class citizens in their own country. The best jobs and education were reserved for the British.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS Indian craftsmen were not allowed to run their traditional businesses if that meant competition for the British. One example was the production of cloth. Indians grew fine cotton and weaving was a traditional craft.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS Indians were forced to send all their cotton to Britain and then had to buy the finished cloth from the British factories.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS The first two groups formed to work for the rights of Indians were the Indian National Congress (formed in 1885) and the Muslim League (begun in1906). The Indian National Congress attracted mainly Indian Hindus. The Muslim League attracted Indians who followed Islam.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS Years of contact with the British had taught Indians about western ideas of democracy and self-government. However, the British did not want to share these two ideals with their colonies. During World War I, millions of Indians joined forces with the British, hoping that their service would be rewarded with more control of their government.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS The British Parliament even promised that when the war ended, India would be able to work toward self-government. Unfortunately, after the war ended, nothing changed. Indians were still second-class citizens.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS Those Indians who began to protest were arrested under the new Rowlatt Act, which allowed the British to arrest and send Indians to prison for up to two years without a trial.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS In 1919, British authorities opened fire on a large gathering of Indians in the town of Amritsar, claiming they were gathering illegally. Over 400 people were killed and another 1200 wounded. This massacre made Indians all over the country furious, and almost overnight they were united in a call for complete independence.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS Following the slaughter at Amritsar, Mohandas Gandhi began to urge Indians to refuse to cooperate with British laws they felt were unjust. He also urged them to be sure they did nothing violent in their protests. His goal was to show the world the injustice of British rule in India.