Biomechanic Modeling of Sit-to-Stand to Upright Posture for Mobility Assessment of Persons With Chronic Stroke Claudia Mazzà, PhD, Steven J. Stanhope,

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Biomechanic Modeling of Sit-to-Stand to Upright Posture for Mobility Assessment of Persons With Chronic Stroke Claudia Mazzà, PhD, Steven J. Stanhope, PhD, Antonio Taviani, MD, Aurelio Cappozzo, PhD Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 87, Issue 5, Pages 635-641 (May 2006) DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2005.12.037 Copyright © 2006 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Schematic representation of the 2 TIP models employed for the description of STS: TIP1 (left), before seat unloading; and TIP2 (right), after seat-off. The sign convention for the actuators is also indicated. Abbreviations: FA, frontal actuator; HAT, head-arms-torso; LA, linear actuator; SA, sagittal actuator; WB, whole body. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2006 87, 635-641DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2005.12.037) Copyright © 2006 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Frontal actuator maximum rotations, representing (A) the HAT (φFA1) and (B) the whole body (φFA1) movements, are reported as a function of the strength scores recorded for each subject. These values have been reported for both normal speed (NS) and maximum speed (MS) trials. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2006 87, 635-641DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2005.12.037) Copyright © 2006 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions