Ch. 3 The English Colonies Cash Crops- crops like tobacco, sugar, and cotton, raised in large quantities in order to be sold for profit. Assembly- an elected group of lawmakers Democratic- ruled by the people. In a democracy, citizens elect representatives to make and carry out laws. Puritans- People who wanted to purify the Church of England, its ceremonies and its ranks of authority.

Regions New England Colonies Massachusetts / Maine Rhode Island Connecticut New Hampshire

Middle Colonies New York Pennsylvania New Jersey Delaware Regions Middle Colonies New York Pennsylvania New Jersey Delaware

Regions Southern Colonies Maryland Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia

GOVERNMENT IN THE COLONIES Charter- a doc. From the king saying what the boundaries were and how it should be governed Colonies made own laws to keep peace and order Assembly- people were elected to it, to make laws Governor- appointed by the king. He could overrule the elected assembly. Theocracy- leaders rule in the name God

MASSACHUSETTS 1620- Pilgrims led by William Bradford 1630- Puritans led by John Winthrop Mayflower Compact- signed agreement on how they would govern Puritans laws were based on the Bible

RHODE ISLAND 1647- founded by Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson Open to all religions Slave Trade- main way they made money Nickname- “The Sewer of New England” “Rouges Island”

CONNECTICUT 1639- founded by Thomas Hooker Puritans The Fundamental Orders- 1st written plan of government in the colonies (1st Constitution) Guaranteed right to vote for all men who were members of the Puritan Church People should have a say in running the gov They had more rights than any other colony

NEW YORK 1624- Dutch West India Company 1664- James the Duke of York James made all the laws and taxes for the colony 1683- Elected an assembly and passed 15 laws Right to elect their own lawmakers Right to trial by jury Right to worship as they wanted Power to set their own taxes

PENNSYLVANIA 1681- Founded by William Penn Society of Friends or Quakers- believed in simple lifestyle and treating all people as equal Great Law of 1682- people of all faiths would be treated equally This was the first “democracy” in America

MARYLAND 1634- Founded by Cecil Calvert (Lord Baltimore) Roman Catholic religion 1649- Act Concerning Religion- guaranteed religious freedom

VIRGINIA 1607- Founded by Sir Walter Raleigh and the Virginia Company Economy based on tobacco and cash crops 1st Africans brought to Virginia were treated as indentured servants 1661- House of Burgesses passed a law making African workers slaves for life

GEORGIA 1732- King George II and James Edward Oglethorpe Founded to give English debtors a place to go instead of prison and to be a buffer between the colonies and Spain Spanish always attacked Georgia Oglethorpe wanted farmers to not drink or own slave, they were to live on small farms and work the land themselves Settlers didn’t like this