Patient-induced susceptibility effects simulation in magnetic resonance imaging  Josef Axel Lundman, Mikael Bylund, Anders Garpebring, Camilla Thellenberg Karlsson, Tufve Nyholm  Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology  Volume 1, Pages 41-45 (January 2017) DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2017.02.004 Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Simulation and validation workflow. The top row describes the simulation workflow. The workflow contained in the dashed box describes the validation process. Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology 2017 1, 41-45DOI: (10.1016/j.phro.2017.02.004) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Comparison of simulations and analytical calculations. The left plot shows results for a sphere, and the right plot results for a cylinder transverse to the magnetic field. Shown are the local B-fields for the respective calculations, as well as the difference between them. Results are shown for cross-sections going through the centre of the objects. For the local B-fields, solid lines represent the analytical calculations, and dashed lines the simulated values. Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology 2017 1, 41-45DOI: (10.1016/j.phro.2017.02.004) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Simulated normalized local B-field and histograms of the resulting distortion at four different areas of a patient. The panels to the left of the image present histograms of the local B-field [ppm]. In the panels to the right are histograms of the simulated distortion [pixels]. The resulting distortions were calculated for a 440Hz frequency encoding bandwidth in a 3T MRI system. Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology 2017 1, 41-45DOI: (10.1016/j.phro.2017.02.004) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions