WARM UP 1/23/17 What is a monarchy? THINK BACK TO LAST YEAR!! YOU WILL NEED A PIECE OF NOTEBOOK PAPER!!!

The Age of Absolutism

Vocabulary Absolute Monarch- A ruler that has unlimited power and authority over the people Autocratic- ruling with unlimited authority Limited Monarch- A government in which a constitution or legislative body limits the monarch’s power Divine Right- The belief that a ruler’s authority comes directly from God Mercantilism- The belief that a country’s power depends entirely upon its wealth

Warm-Up 1/24/2017 How did absolute monarchs use religion to justify their rule?

The Absolute Monarchs All the Williams, Charleses, Henries, Philips, Louies, and Fredericks You Can Handle

Charles V

Spain’s Absolute Monarchy First true absolute monarch was Charles V Charles V reigned during the Spanish conquest of Latin America Strongly Catholic Ultimately gave up being king to become a monk in 1556

Philip II

Spain’s Absolute Monarchy Philip II- 1556-1598 Son of Charles V Married Queen Mary of England Ruled both England as well as Spain during his reign

Queen Mary

Spain’s Absolute Monarchy Wanted to make England a Catholic country once again His wife, Mary, was a Catholic After the death of his wife, the protestant Elizabeth I came to the throne He sought to invade England in order to restore it to Catholicism

Louis XIII

France’s Absolute Monarchy First true absolute monarch was Louis XIII Became ruler when he was still a child Catholic officials ruled until he was of age to rule Brilliant government organizer Brought prosperity to France

Louis XIV

France’s Absolute Monarchy One of the most famous absolute monarchs was Louis XIV Also became king at a young age Mockingly referred to by his people as the “Sun King” (everything seemed to revolve around him) “"L'État, c'est moi!” – “I am the state!”

France’s Absolute Monarchy Extremely extravagant spender Spent money on building a new palace in Versailles Insisted that all nobles live in the palace with him to avoid the possibility of revolts Insisted that all disagreements be put down immediately Had aides who were responsible for only finding dissidents in his kingdom

Henry Tudor

England’s Absolute Monarchy Began under Henry Tudor (Henry VII) Henry imposed heavy fines on nobles who had private armies Typically disregarded anything Parliament wanted Had middle class citizens and clergy as advisors Very smart in governing his country

Henry VIII

England’s Absolute Monarchy Henry VII succeeded by his son Henry VIII Henry VIII purged the government of all who disagreed with him Initially supported the Catholic Church When the Pope refused to grant him a divorce, he broke from the Catholic Church and formed the Church of England (Anglican Church) Made himself the head of the Anglican Church

Elizabeth I

England’s Absolute Monarchy After a brief power struggle, Henry VIII was succeeded by his daughter Elizabeth I Elizabeth I is considered to be among the most popular British monarchs of all time Known as the “virgin queen” because of her desire to be “married to England” Extremely popular in England at the time of her reign Encouraged peace and trade, built up the economy of England, and promoted religious freedom

Frederick II

Prussia Began with Frederick II One of the last territories to become an absolute monarchy Expanded through the use of military force One of the most militarized countries at the time Almost constantly at war One of the shortest-lived absolute monarchies