Enzymes

Chemical Reactions Process that changes one set of chemicals into another set Slow = iron & oxygen = Fast = fireworks RUST

A + B = C + D Chemical Reactions REACTANTS PRODUCTS Enter Left Leave Right

Two Types of Reactions Exothermic Endothermic Absorbs heat Releases heat

Activation Energy Energy needed to start a reaction Difference b/t reactant energy and required energy for reaction to happen Required energy at peak

Enzymes Biological catalyst (proteins) Catalyst – substance that speeds up a chemical reaction Why? Rxn is too slow Activation energy is too high 6

Enzymes Lower activation energy Ex. Amylase Breaks down starches into sugars Video: Cute intro to enzymes and their properties

Enzymes Enzyme has an active site fits substrate (reactants) Specific action Build up Break down Substrate (Key) + enzyme (Lock) = Enzyme substrate complex Products are released Example

Lock & Key

Regulation of Enzyme Activity Temperature High temps = fast Low temps = slow pH Enzyme dependent Concentration of substrate Regulated by proteins Produce enzymes at when needed After the first bite of food Break down enzymes when not When all the food is digested