Chapter 1, Section 2 Page # 20-27

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 1, Section 2 Page # 20-27

Vocabulary Republic Julius Caesar Consul Augustus Caesar Dictator Justinian Tribune Code Veto Carthage

California State Standards 10.1.1: Analyze the similarities and differences in Judeo-Christian and Greco-Roman views of law, reason, faith, and duties of the individual. 10.1.2: Trace the development of western political ideas of the rule of law and illegitimacy of tyranny, using selections from Plato’s Republic and Aristotle’s Politics.

How did the government of Rome develop into an Empire? Focus Question How did the government of Rome develop into an Empire?

Establishing a Republic I. 509 B.C: a. Romans gianed independance & freedom from Etruscan rule b. republic formed c. people (masses) elected some officials. d. Various govt. agencies regulated Roman life, such as the senate (upper classes). e. Plebeians (lower classes) had to fight to gain political power.

Establishing a Republic II. 270 BC: a. Rome (govt)controlled entire Italian peninsula b. used citizen-soldiers for army

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nO1NN2OcVcg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iHYfizhDPlI

From Monarchy to Republic III. Effects: a. The Senate was the most powerful governing body b. Senators made the laws c. Plebians gained the right to elect their own tribunes d. Plebians gained access to power and won safeguards for their rights

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dfSTZUEH95Q

From Republic to Empire IV. Roman expansion:a. Roman armies led a. expansion throughout- 1. Middle East 2. North Africa 3. Europe b. battles against North African state of Carthage 1. Punic wars, 246-146 B.C. 2. Rome destroyed Carthage 3. gained control of Northern Africa of its lands and peoples. In the eastern Mediterranean, Rome regained lands that had been conquered by Alexander the Great. IV. Roman expansion: a. Roman armies led expansion throughout- 1. Middle East Carthage(North Africa), neighboring country (power) in Punic Wars. around the Mediterranean and in the process fought the African city-state of Carthage in the Punic Wars between 246 B.C. and 146 B.C. In the end, Rome destroyed Carthage and gained control

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CWCwnkdPPCc

From Republic to Empire continued V. Expansion into an Empire: a. Political leaders & Senate came to rely on military for political power b. soldiers loyal to military commanders, not political leaders c. Julius Caesar, military officer, led his army in taking over Rome d. became dictator and was killed in 44 B.C., which brought on more civil wars.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lAqU0ZrVUTI

From Republic to Empire continued VI. Augustus Caesar: a. Octavian became emperor in 31 B.C. b. took the title of Augustus. c. created a civil service to enforce laws and imposed a fairer tax system. d. He ushered in the pax Romana, which was a 200-year period of peace.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6snVyK6gQCE

Roman Law VII. Roman laws a. laws united the empire. b. Civil law and the law of nations were merged to apply to everyone in the empire. c. Many Roman principles of law are still practiced today.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eyq8uWvpbt4

Key Principles of Roman Law VIII. Unity & Stability within Empire a. Law of Nations Fostered unity and stability b. Included two systems of law 1. civil law for Roman citizens 2. and law of nations(Romans believed applied to all people) c. accused had right to face accuser and offer defense against charge d. guilt had to be established via evidence e. Judges allowed to interpret laws and expected to make fair decisions VIII. Unity & Stability within Empire Fostered unity and stability Included two systems of law: civil law for Roman citizens, and law of nations(Romans believed applied to all people) Accused had right to face accuser and offer defense against charge Guilt had to be established via evidence Judges allowed to interpret laws and expected to make fair decisions

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TFo4-N3EwsU

Greco-Roman Civilization IX. Roman Culture: a. Roman writers imitated Greek styles but wrote in Latin. b. Roman historians recorded their civilization’s highs and lows. c. The Hellenistic philosophy of Stoicism influenced many Roman thinkers.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yLVnFEXnHB8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XbI-fDzUJXI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qc7HmhrgTuQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=me4E5wDCK2Q