Tumor intrinsic subtype is reflected in cancer-adjacent tissue.

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Tumor intrinsic subtype is reflected in cancer-adjacent tissue. Tumor intrinsic subtype is reflected in cancer-adjacent tissue. Heatmap representing 126 differentially expressed genes across the cancer-adjacent tissue of Claudin-low (triple negative), basal-like (triple negative), Her-2–like, luminal B, and luminal A in the PWBCS. Distinct clusters of up and downregulated genes show a trend in the gene expression of these cancer-adjacent tissues. Among those 126 genes, four genes that are used in the PAM50 classification system to identify luminal tumors are also highly expressed in their adjacent tissue. A, samples were dichotomized as having a positive (black) or negative (white) correlation with the EReS developed by Oh et al. (30). Luminal cancers had the highest proportion of EReS-positive cancer-adjacent tissues. B, samples were dichotomized as having a positive (dark orange) or negative (light orange) correlation with the newly identified “in vivo triple-negative microenvironment signature.” The triple-negative cancers had the highest proportion of samples with high expression of this signature. Patricia Casbas-Hernandez et al. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24:406-414 ©2015 by American Association for Cancer Research