Global Fragmentation and Realignment

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Presentation transcript:

Global Fragmentation and Realignment Unit 6: 1914 to the Present Global Fragmentation and Realignment

Question of Periodization? Why begin the era with the year 1914?

Big Idea #1: Dissolution of Global Empires End 2nd period of European imperialism Dissolution of land-based empires Russia, Ottoman, Soviet Union, Qing Dissolution of Maritime Empires Negotiated independence: India, Guyana(Africa) Violent conflict: S. Africa, Vietnam, Algeria New National Identities How did language, religion, peasant class, and culture contributed to post WWII national identities?

Big Idea #1 Continued Migration from colonies to Mother country S.Asians to India Algerians to France Philippines to USA Social and Demographic Consequences Refugees India vs Pakistan exchange Jewish/Palestine repatriation issue Realignment of borders: India/Pakistan, Yugoslavia dissolution

Big Idea #2: Global War and Conflict World War One and Two Causes/effects Was the war in 1914 a 30 years conflict? Causes of War in ’39 same: Imperialism, nationalism, competition for resources, ethnic conflict, great power rivalry, ideological differences Global nature of war – colonials helped fight in war (British Indian troops)

Big Idea #2 Continued Economic mobilization & new technologies economic decline of Europe Genocide Armenian, Holocaust, Cambodia, Rwanda, Yugoslavia

What were the results of World War One? WW1 Mandate system League of Nations World body to help maintain peace No real power 9 new countries in Europe Reparation system in Germany (33 Billion) Dependent on US financing Also UK and France owed 2 billion to US

Middle East in 1914

WW 2 Results United Nations US and USSR most powerful in world Marshall Plan in Europe Germany and Japan occupied China returns to civil war India, Philippines given independence

Big Idea #2 Continued Cold War – Decolonization Decolonization Ideological struggle economically Strategies of Cold War – flexible response, MAD East-West Division: NATO vs Warsaw Pact Truman Doctrine/Marshall Plan Decolonization Cuba, Vietnam, Congo

Big Idea #3: New Global Institutions & Characteristics Political United Nations Economic IMF, World Bank, OPEC, EU Humanitarian Red Cross, Red Crescent, WHO, Doctors Without Borders Regional agreements EU, NAFTA

Big Idea #3 Continued New forms of communication/transport Internet, spread of medicine Global poverty: what are our responsibilities? Globalization; spread of culture Food, banking, multinational corporations