Do Now Describe operant conditioning and one situation where is has applied to a behavior you do.

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Presentation transcript:

Do Now Describe operant conditioning and one situation where is has applied to a behavior you do.

Operant Conditioning: Skinner’s Experiment Unit 6 : Learning Operant Conditioning: Skinner’s Experiment

General Intro Respondent Behavior Operant Conditioning B.F. Skinner Classical A behavior that is an automatic response EX: salivating Operant Conditioning Learning a behavior based on reinforcers or punishments EX: getting good grades because your mom gives you money for As B.F. Skinner Skinner Box Press the bar to get the food Pressing bar = behavior; getting food = positive reinforcement

Thorndike’s Law of Effect Edward Thorndike Getting something good will increase a behavior Getting something bad will decrease a behavior These principles guided B.F. Skinner Skinner Experiment Skinner box aka operant chamber Shaping Behavior Theory used to shape desired behaviors

Reinforcers Reinforcer Any event that STRENGTHENS a behavior Positive = add something Usually add something good/desirable Negative = take something away Usually take something bad away

Expanding Reinforcers Primary reinforce Satisfies a biological need EX: food, water Conditioned reinforcer Secondary reinforce Reinforcer associated with a primary EX: Hitting the bar to get the food, or getting money because then you can go buy food Immediate vs. Delayed reinforce Instant reward vs. reward over time Unprotected sex vs. weekly paycheck

Schedules of Reinforcement Continuous Reinforcement = reward after every behavior

Practice – write the correct answer in your notes 1. You get paid once every two weeks. Fixed Interval 2. Slot machines at casinos payoff after a certain number of plays. Variable Ratio 3. Students are released from class when the end-of-the-period bell rings. Interval or Continuous Reinforcement 4. You get a nickel for every pop can that you return. Fixed Ratio 5. Sometimes the mail is delivered at 1:00, sometimes at 3:00. Variable Interval 6. A car salesman who gets a commission on each sale. Continuous Reinforcement 7. Getting a small increase in your hourly wage every 6 months. 8. Honor roll is announced every 9 weeks and prizes are given out.

Punishment Punishment An event that decreases the behavior that follows it Positive = adding something Usually adding something bad Negative = taking something away Usually taking away something good

Drawbacks of Punishment Drawbacks Negatives of using punishment Punished behavior is suppressed not forgotten Punishment teaches discrimination Punishment can teach fear Physical punishment may increase aggression

Today Practice Operant Conditioning Begin HW HW = Operant Conditioning: Extending Skinner, legacy, & comparing