Creating Australian Democracy

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Presentation transcript:

Creating Australian Democracy It’s Evolution to Federation from 1855-1901

Self-Government Define- A grant of internal autonomy over most matters of the colony. Means they could create law and then carry it out independently of the UK.

Self-Government When? NSW and Vic - 1855 Tas and SA - 1856 Qld - 1859

Why Self government? Convict era over Many free settlers Wealthy land owners ‘Diggers’ at Eureka Stockade Both wanted Westminster system

Why Self government? Both wanted Westminster system Landowners wanted the current system that favoured the wealthy. Diggers wanted a more democratic system as modeled by the Chartists in UK

Westminster system Adopted from UK Features included- Constitutional monarchy Parliamentary government that made the laws- called statutes

Westminster system Bi-cameral Parliament Lower house-’people’s house, the only house which could impose taxes. Still not totally democratic as not all could vote. Ie/ women and poor. Upper House- favoured rural landowners.

Westminster System Cabinet- Party with majority in LH forms govt. PM is leader of party with majority in LH and must be a member of it too. PM selects group from either house to serve as ministers and carry out executive function. Senior Ministers form the Cabinet. Individual ministers are responsible to parliament and must resign if censure motion occurs.

Judiciary Must be independent Adversarial Two functions are: Administer, interpret and enforce the laws. Resolve disputes between individuals.

Judiciary Two forms of law to interpret and enforce Common law Statute law

Federation and the Constitution The idea of Nationalism was spreading throughout the world in the 1800’s. ie/ Germany 1871 and Italy 1861 and Canada 1867 When did we become one country?

Federation Federation gave birth to a new nation and a new political and legal system Federal system of government- based on two teirs of government or more, one the central government and the other being smaller regional governments Powers are divided between the two

Federation Why do you think we Federated?

Federation Why do you think we Federated? Factors contributing towards Federation: Nationalism Economic Reasons Immigration Defence

Federation Barriers to federation: Different Histories Physical distance Rivalries Constitution to please people and leaders from all colonies.

Choosing a system of government Uk- Westminster responsible government USA- Fedearlism Canada- Washminister model Switzerland- Referendums