Plants

The Basics Eukaryotic Multicellular Producers Have chlorophyll for photosynthesis

More Basics Cuticle – waxy covering that protects the leaves and stems from drying out. Plants have cell walls for structure

Plant Reproduction Plants reproduce with spores and gametes Life cycle has 2 stages Sporophyte – makes spores Gametophyte – makes gametes

Mosses

Ferns and club mosses

Gymnosperms – cycads, pine, ginkoes

Angiosperms

Vascular Plants Vascular plants have vascular tissue that helps them to transport materials through their bodies Xylem – carries water from roots to leaves Phloem – carries glucose from leaves to stem/roots

Cotyledon Seed leaf Used for germination Provides food for germination

Plant reproduction Angiosperms carryout sexual reproduction using flowers Sepals – protect the immature bud Flowers – vary in shape and color, attract insects for pollination Anther – male reproductive parts, makes the pollen Pistil – female reproductive parts, tip is called the stigma

Pollination Occurs when pollen grains are transferred from anthers to stigma After pollination occurs, a seed develops and the ovary develops a fruit around it Once conditions are good, a seed will germinate and grow into a new plant

Germination