American Foreign Policy From Independence to Today

Define ONE of the following: Foreign Policy Warm-Up Define ONE of the following: The keeping of international peace and order as a world community. Collective Security - Deterrence - Cold War - Containment - Détente - The policy of keeping the country’s military so strong, along with its allies, discouraging attacks by other countries. The 40+ year period of political and military tension between the Western democratic countries and the Eastern communist countries. policy of keeping communism from spreading, believing that it would collapse and fail if it could not expand. “relaxation,” easing of hostility/strained relations.

Foreign Policy Basic goal of American foreign policy: Protect the security and well-being of the United States and its citizens throughout the world. From Independence to World War I, the U.S. maintained an isolationist foreign policy. Isolationist policy kept the U.S. from involving itself in the affairs of other countries. Isolationist policy did not affect the establishment of diplomatic and trade relations with other countries.

Foreign Policy As the U.S. grew in size, population, and power, the country gained and took a more important role in world affairs. Monroe Doctrine – 1823: Our home turf is North and South America; stay out of our house, we’ll stay outside of yours. Continental Expansion: Louisiana Purchase, Texas Annexation, Mexican War “spoils”, Oregon Territory, Alaska Purchase World Power: Spanish-American War, rise as a colonial power. Roosevelt Corollary - 1904: Monroe Policy addition - policing of Latin America

Foreign Policy Open Door Policy - 1899: Equal trade access to China World War I: Temporary end to isolationist policies Good Neighbor Policy – 1933: Stopped Latin American interventions World War II: The end of isolationism Two New Principles: Collective Security & Deterrence

Foreign Policy Cold War: Second half of 1940’s until late 1980’s/early 1990’s (are we back in a Cold War today?). Truman Doctrine – 1947: Support free peoples from agression Berlin Blockade 1948-1949: Soviet “non-military” aggression Korean War 1950-1953: Communist aggression Cuban Missile Crisis 1962: Nuclear missiles in Cuba Vietnam War 1950’s to 1973: containment policy / “Domino Theory”

Foreign Policy Détente: Soviet Union – U.S. / Communist China- U.S. Collapse of Soviet Bloc: Eastern Europe “evolves” Iran – Iraq – Afghanistan: South West Asia (“Middle East”) takes center stage Bush Doctrine - 2001: “Pre-emptive actions” to maintain American security

Home Work “Foreign Aid” Define: Foreign Aid Regional Security Alliance UN Security Council Read: Pages 491 – 499 Answer: Page 498, #’s 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5a & 5b