SEDIMENTARY ROCKS.

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Presentation transcript:

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

Sedimentary Rocks Rocks the form from other rocks that have been weathered.

How are sedimentary rocks formed? Sedimentary rocks are formed through: Erosion Deposition Compaction Cementation …At the earth’s surface usually from other rocks.

How are sedimentary rocks formed? Step one is: Erosion of elevated land such as mountains

How are sedimentary rocks formed? Step two is: Deposition of the eroded material

How are sedimentary rocks formed? Step three is: Compaction of buried sediment over time

How are sedimentary rocks formed? Step four is: Cementation of the particles into a solid rock Many times sand is the glue!

What do sedimentary rocks look like? Three types of sedimentary rocks 1.Clastic - sediments cemented together 2.Bioclastic - organic material (fossils) 3.Crystalline – Nonclastic (chemical) - Deposited by chemical precipitation of minerals in sea water. (salt in water)

What do sedimentary rocks look like? Clastic rocks are made of particles cemented together such as: Clay - shale Silt - siltstone Sand - sandstone Pebbles - conglomerate

What do sedimentary rocks look like? Clay/silt sand sandstone shale

What do sedimentary rocks look like? Crystalline rocks are pure cement such as: Rock salt Rock gypsum Limestone (has fossils)

Crystalline rocks formation These rocks from evaporation of sea water and chemical precipitation.

What do sedimentary rocks look like? Biological (bioclastic) rocks are formed through organic remains such as: Coal Limestone (has fossils)

What do characteristics tell us about the rock? Grain size is evidence of environment where rock formed Fossils give clues to past life and climate

What do characteristics tell us about the rock?

What do characteristics tell us about the rock?

What are sedimentary rocks used for?

Steps to ID a Sedimentary Rock Texture Clasitc, Crystalline or Bioclastic Grain size Composition What it looks like Fossils? Other features like ripple marks? Acid test