The Origins of Civilization

The Origins of Civilization -- Terms Paleolithic Age Neolithic Revolution (c. 10,000 B.C.) Mesopotamia Tigris & Euphrates Rivers Fertile Crescent Sumer (c. 3,500 B.C.) Cuneiform Ziggurat Ur Akkad (c. 2,370 B.C.) Sargon - Babylon (c. 1,800 B.C.) * Hammurabi (r. 1,792 – 1,750 B.C.) - Enuma Elish - Gilgamesh (c. 2,000 B.C.)

Paleolithic Age (The Old Stone Age) Man Developed: Spoken language Primitive tools Ability to control fire Lived as nomadic hunters

Sympathetic Magic

Marcelino de Sautuola & Daughter, Maria

De Sautuola’s Cave Paintings

Cave Paintings

Neolithic Revolution (Agricultural Revolution) Man Began To: Settle down Farm Domesticate animals Develop better tools

Zagros Mountains

Catal Huyuk

Catal Huyuk

Catal Huyuk

Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia--The Fertile Crescent & the Tigris & Euphrates Rivers

Sumer (c. 3,500 B.C.)

Cuneiform

Ziggurat (Reproduction of Ziggurat of Ur)

Ziggurat at Nanna (Present-Day Iraq)

Akkad (World’s First Empire—c. 2,370 B.C.) )

Sargon

Babylon (c. 1,800 B.C.)

Hammurabi (r. 1792 – 1750 B.C.)

Code of Hammurabi

Code of Hammurabi

Enuma Elish (Hymn of Creation)

Gilgamesh (c. 2,000 B.C.)