THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OBESITY, INFLAMMATION MARKERS, MICRONUTRIENTS AND INSULIN RESISTANCE IN SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN Camacho BM, Torres GAK, Estrella IP, Ronquillo GD, Rosado JL, García OP Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México BACKGROUND RESULTS Obesity is a disease characterized by excess body fat and is defined as chronic low-grade inflammation. Studies suggest that micronutrient deficiencies may contribute to fat deposition and chronic inflammation (1,2). Also, inflammation in the body leads to an increase in inflammatory markers, associated with insulin resistance (3). Table 2: Association of obesity, inflammation markers and micronutrients with leptin concentrations. VARIABLE  95 % CI1 p Body fat (%) 0.0158 -0.012 to 0.023 0.0027 Abdominal fat (%) 0.0115 - 0.015 to 0.019 0.0056 Iron (ug/dL) - 0.0008 -0.021 to 0.026 0.0201 Vit A (ug/dL) 0.0071 -0.017 to 0.021 0.0002 HOMA-IR -0.010 to 0.018 0.0404 Triglycerides (mg/dL) 0.0008 -0.012 to 0.022 0.0132 OBJECTIVE Evaluate the association of obesity, inflammation, micronutrients and insulin resistance in school-aged children. 1CI confidence interval p < 0.05 METHODOLOGY Table 3: Association of obesity, inflammation markers and micronutrients with vitamin E 297 children (8.0 ± 1.5) from a rural community in Querétaro, Mexico, participated in a cross-sectional study. VARIABLE  95 % CI1 p CRP (mg/L) 0.0578 0.008 to 0.048 0.0498 IL-10 (pg/mL) -0.1245 0.011 to 0.096 0.0078 Vitamin C (ug/mL) 0.0235 -0.012 to 0.025 0.0040 Vitamin A (ug/dL) 0.0075 -0.014 to 0.051 0.0043 Triglycerides (mg/dL) 0.0015 -0.021 to 0.025 0.0021 Total cholesterol (mg/dL) 0.0028 -0.010 to 0.032 0.0055 HDL (mg/dL) 0.0136 -0.032 to 0.043 ˂ 0.001 Body Composition and Anthropometry Biochemical Analysis Weight, height, waist circunference, BMI, body fat and abdominal fat percentage Glucose, lipid profile, insulin, leptin, CRP, IL-6,IL-10, TNF-α, vitamins A, C, D, E, D Fe, Zn 1CI confidence interval, p < 0.05 Table 4: Association of obesity, inflammation markers and micronutrients with insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) RESULTS The combined prevalence of obesity and overweight was 28.5%. The only micronutrient deficiencies observed were vitamin D (19.9%) and zinc (15.5%). A total of 17.7% of the children had insulin resistance. VARIABLE  95 % CI1 p Leptin (ng/mL) 0.984 0.128 to 0.788 0.045 TNF-α (pg/mL) 0.615 0.021 to 0.424 0.011 Triglycerides (mg/dL) 0.006 -0.002 to 0.110 0.024 LDL (mg/dL) 0.018 -0.014 to 0.021 Abdominal fat (%) 0.237 0.011 to .165 0.043 Table 1 Glucose, insulin resistance and inflammation markers concentrations according to BMI 1CI confidence interval, p < 0.05 VARIABLE NORMAL Mean  SD1 n = 211 OVERWEIGHT n = 55 OBESITY n = 31 Glucose (mg/dL) 81.8  7.2a 83.2  5.8a 83.9  4.8a Insulin (uU/mL) 11.4  7.0a 13.5  6.0a 16.6  8.1b HOMA-IR 2.3  1.3a 2.8  1.3ba 3.4  1.8b CRP (mg/L) 1.1  1.6a 1.7  2.4a 3.2  1.7b Leptin (ng/mL) 1.8  1.5a 6.5  5.6b 11.7  7.2c TNF-α (pg/mL) 3.4  1.8a 5.7  4.2b 7.3  2.6c IL-6 (pg/mL) 2.1  1.7a 3.2  5.4a 10.2  4.4b IL-10 (pg/mL) 4.4  7.3a 4.2  3.3a 3.8  2.1a CONCLUSIONS Leptin and insulin resistance were associated positively with abdominal fat Triglycerides was an important variable associated positively with leptin, vitamin E and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) Vitamin A and iron were associated positively with leptin Insulin resistance was positively associated with leptin, TNF-α, triglycerides, LDL and abdominal fat. 1 SD standard deviation a, b, c Variables with different superscripts are significantly different (p < 0.05) REFERENCES 1 García OP, Long KZ, Rosado JL. 2009. Impact of micronutrient deficiencies on obesity. Nutr Rev. 67: 559-572 2 García OP, Ronquillo D, Caamaño M, Camacho M, Long KZ Rosado JL. 2012. Zinc, vitamin A and vitamin C status are associated with leptin concentrations and obesity in Mexican women. Results from a cross-sectional study. Nutr. Metab. 9:59 3 Chang CHJ, Jian DY, Lin MW, Zhao JZ, Ho LT, Chang CJ. 2015. Evidence in obese children: contribution of hyperlipidemia, obesity-inflammation and insulin sensitivity. Plos One 1:1-12 Acknowledgments: We wish to thank the TPO/ CONACYT network for the support to attend this forum