Organizational Culture Program for dagen: Gennemgang af teori! Arbejde med KA 1

What is Organizational Culture? Shared values, beliefs, norms influence the way employees think, feel, and behave towards each other and towards people outside the organization Pattern of shared basic assumptions 2

Building Blocks of Organizational Culture Characteristics of people within the organization Organizational ethics Employment relationship Organizational structure National culture 3

Types Terminal (målorienterede) Instrumental (procesorienterede) What are Organizational Values? Types Terminal (målorienterede) Instrumental (procesorienterede) 4

Terminal and Instrumental Values Terminal (mål) Quality Responsibility Innovativeness Excellence Economy Morality Profitability Instrumental (metoder) Working hard Respecting traditions Respecting authority Being conservative Being frugal Being creative Being honest 5

Terminal and Instrumental Values Organizational Values Terminal Values Instrumental Values Specific norms, rules and SOPs (Standard Operating Procedings) 6

Ways of Transmitting Organizational Culture Formal socialization practices Ceremonial Rites and Ceremonies The organizational language Employees learn through: Signs, symbols, stories 7

Ceremonial Rites Rites of passage Rites of integration Rites of enhancement 8

Where an Organization’s Culture Comes From Characteristics of People Within Organization Organizational Ethics Nature of Employment Relationship Organizational Culture Design of Organizational Structure 9

Organizational Ethics Sources of Organizational Ethics Organizational Ethics Societal Ethics Professional Ethics Individual Ethics 10

Adaptive versus Inert(lukkede) Cultures Adaptive Cultures Values and norms help organization build momentum, grow, and change to achieve goals Investment in employees Merit rewards Inert Cultures Values and norms fail to motivate or inspire employees Stagnation Minimal investment in employees Little incentive for improvement 11

Hofstede’s Model of National Culture Dimensions Individualism vs Collectivism Power Distance Achievement vs Nurturing Orientation (masculine/feminine) Uncertainty Avoidance Long-term vs Short-term Orientation 12

Individualism vs Collectivism Individual achievement Freedom Competition Example United States Collectivism Group harmony Cohesiveness Consensus Cooperation Example Japan 13

Power Distance High Inequalities exist Gap between rich and poor Example Guatemala Malaysia Low Social welfare programs reduce gaps Example Denmark Germany 14

Masculine vs feminine Orientation Assertiveness Performance Success Competition Results-oriented Example Japan United States Feminine Quality of life warm personal relationships Service Caring Example Denmark Sweden 15

Uncertainty Avoidance Low Easygoing Value diversity Tolerant of differences Example United States Hong Kong High Rigid Intolerant Conformity Structure Example Japan France 16

Long-Term vs Short-Term Orientation Thrift Persistence High savings rate Patience Example Japan Hong Kong Short-term Personal stability Happiness Living in the present Example United States France 17

Gæsteforelæsning: Geert Hofstede