Color & Polarization

What does the word color mean or describe? 1/17/2019 7:05 PM Color What does the word color mean or describe? © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Additive Primary Color 1/17/2019 7:05 PM Additive Primary Color White light is comprised of all colors of the visible spectrum Primary Colors = Red, Green, & Blue Complementary Colors = Cyan, Magenta, & Yellow © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Color Why does a leaf appear green? Why do parts of the U.S. flag appear red? Objects appear a certain color because they absorb the other colors of the spectrum. The leaf absorbs all but green (see diagram). The flag absorbs all but red. Color

Color Addition Red + green ---> yellow Red + blue ---> magenta Blue + green ---> cyan Any two colors forming white are said to be complimentary colors. Yellow and blue Magenta and green Cyan and red Color Addition

Additive Primary Color 1/17/2019 7:05 PM Additive Primary Color Examples: Pixels Cone Cells © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Additive Color Mixing Click below to watch the Visual Concept.

Why does this not work with paint? 1/17/2019 7:05 PM Primary Colors Why does this not work with paint? © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

1/17/2019 7:05 PM Subtractive Colors Difference is that pigments rely on colors of light that are absorbed or subtracted. When pigments mix, they subtract a certain color from white light © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Subtractive Primary Colors 1/17/2019 7:05 PM Subtractive Primary Colors Cyan, Magenta, & Yellow Mix the primary colors together and one should get black © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Another way to form different colors is by subtraction. Pigments and dyes absorb (or subtract) some colors and reflect (or transmit) others. Leaves subtract red and blue but reflect green. The primary pigments for color subtraction are cyan, magenta, and yellow. Color printers use CYM cartridges. These have three colors of ink and mix them to produce all other colors. Color Subtraction

Yellow is a combination of red and green Yellow is a combination of red and green. A yellow pigment reflects both red and green or it removes blue. In other words, yellow pigments subtract blue light. Similarly, cyan pigments subtract red light. Therefore, if you mix yellow and cyan pigments, blue and red are both subtracted, and you see green reflected. Use subtraction to determine the color seen if you mix cyan and magenta yellow and cyan Color Subtraction

Color Subtraction Mixing all three pigments produces black. Different quantities of cyan, magenta, and yellow can produce the “millions” of colors possible on printers. Color Subtraction

Subtractive Color Mixing Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

1/17/2019 7:05 PM Polarization Remember electric fields travel at a right angle to both the magnetic field and direction of propagation This is unpolarized light © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

1/17/2019 7:05 PM Polarization Light can be polarized by transmission, scattering, and reflection. © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

1/17/2019 7:05 PM Polarization Certain processes can separate waves in the vertical and horizontal directions This is linear polarization © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

1/17/2019 7:05 PM Polarization Transmission axis – the line along which light is polarized Like a picket fence © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Polarization Light can also be polarized by reflection and scattering 1/17/2019 7:05 PM Polarization Light can also be polarized by reflection and scattering If the surface is parallel to the ground the light is polarized horizontally (glare) © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Unpolarized light consists of light with the electric and magnetic fields vibrating in all directions. Polarized light waves have fields vibrating in only one plane. In this case, the electric field is vertically polarized. Polarization

Polarizing filters only allow light with the electric field aligned with the transmission axis to pass through. Polarization

The light scattered off particles in the atmosphere is also polarized. Photographers use polarized filters to darken the blue sky and make clouds stand out. Polarization

Polarization by Reflecting and Scattering Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept Polarization by Reflecting and Scattering