Analysis of Effective Radiating Area, Power, Intensity, and Field Characteristics of Ultrasound Transducers Lennart D. Johns, PhD, ATC, Stephen J. Straub,

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Analysis of Effective Radiating Area, Power, Intensity, and Field Characteristics of Ultrasound Transducers Lennart D. Johns, PhD, ATC, Stephen J. Straub, PhD, ATC, Samuel M. Howard, PhD Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 88, Issue 1, Pages 124-129 (January 2007) DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2006.09.016 Copyright © 2007 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Schlieren image beam-width analysis. Lateral beam profiles were generated for each transducer at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7cm from transducer surface. Beam widths at 40% and 80% LII were measured and used for comparative analysis of the Schlieren images. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2007 88, 124-129DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2006.09.016) Copyright © 2007 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Sample Schlieren images (left) and planar hydrophone scans (right) of ultrasound fields generated from transducers at 1.0MHz. Images are of transducer (A) 35664 and (B) 35986. The y axis of the Schlieren image permits measurements of the lateral width of the LII, while the z axis represents the distance of the beam relative to the transmitting surface of the ultrasound transducer. The LII of the ultrasound field is represented in color with low intensities in blue and increasing intensity in yellow and red, respectively. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2007 88, 124-129DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2006.09.016) Copyright © 2007 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Schlieren images (left) and planar hydrophone scans (right) of ultrasound fields generated from transducers at 3.3MHz. Images are of transducer (A) 35664 and (B) 35986. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2007 88, 124-129DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2006.09.016) Copyright © 2007 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Beam-width analysis of Schlieren images at 80% LII of 1.0 and 3.3MHz beams. NOTE: Values are mean ± standard deviation. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2007 88, 124-129DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2006.09.016) Copyright © 2007 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 Beam-width analysis of Schlieren images at 40% LII of 7 individual transducers at (A) 1.0MHz and (B) 3.3MHz. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2007 88, 124-129DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2006.09.016) Copyright © 2007 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions