History of Horseshoeing Matt McMillan, Ph.D.

History O Who is credited with making the first horseshoes? O Egyptians and Persians O What were they made of? O Woven Grass O Sandals that were tied on to the hoof O Still seen in some parts of remote Japan O Called Waraji

Waraji Woven Grass Sandal

History O Egyptians O Used animal skins O Genghis Khan – Mongolia – 12 th Century O Rawhide cups for cavalry horses O Where were the first metal horseshoes with nails originated? O China O Middle East O Wide, thin shoes used for centuries to move across desert

History O Greeks and Romans O Also used sandals O Romans invented hipposandal 400 BC O Iron sole fastened with leather O Shoes with nails not known until O After 400 AD O Not widely used until after 1000 AD

History O Latin word ferraius means O Ironworker O French word ferrer means O To shoe a horse O William the Conqueror credited with O Introducing shoes with nails O France to GB in 1066 AD

History O Walkelin von Ferrariis O Commissioned by William O Master of the Horse O Farrier became a title in England O The Worshipful Company of Farriers (WCF) O First guilds organized in London O In existence since 1356

History O Farriers Registration Act of 1975 O Prohibits shoeing of horses by unqualified persons in UK O Examinations given by WCF at 3 levels O DWCF or Diploma Exam given after O 4 years apprenticeship O 27 weeks national farrier school

History O AWCF or associate exam given to O Those interested in therapeutic farriery O FWCF or fellowship exam given to O Those interested in : O Judging competitions O Giving examinations O Teaching craft

History O Also Required for fellowship exam O Fellowship thesis O shoe collection O Extemporaneous lecture O Questioning period O Shoe making exam

History O First farrier books began ~16 th Century O Blundeville 1566 O Fit the shoe to the foot, not the foot to the shoe O Solleysel 1664 O Described the use of clips O Signs of lameness

History O Bridges 1751 O Described the elastic mechanism of the foot O Said to have originated: O No foot, No horse O Farriery on the continent of Europe O Considered a 2 man job O Still done this way in some areas

History O Americas heritage comes from GB O One person works under the horse O 1834 Henry Burden O Patented a horseshoe making machine O 1857 machine was capable of O Making 1 shoe per second

History O 1848 Daniel Dodge O patented horseshoe nail making machine O Perfected 1862 O 1881 George Capewell O established horse-nail company O By late 19 th century O Shoes, nails, and tools could all be bought ready made

History O First machine-made shoes O Manufactured with long heel pattern O Military O Ready made cold shoe a necessity O No Forge O Most military horses were shod cold

History O Horse populations in US O million O million O million O Today more people own fewer horses O Professional care of horses is O In high demand

History O Farrier Education in US O No organized educational system O No legislated requirement or registration O American Farrier Association (AFA) O Established 1971 O Offered voluntary certification since 1979

History O Highest Level American Exam O Certified Journeyman Farrier (CJF) O Equivalent to entry level British Exam O Diploma of the Worshipful Company of Farriers O Horseshoeing Schools O Early 20 th Century O US Army in Fort Riley, KS O Many Schools Nation wide today