D.R. Knight, P. Putsathit, B. Elliott, T.V. Riley

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Contamination of Australian newborn calf carcasses at slaughter with Clostridium difficile D.R. Knight, P. Putsathit, B. Elliott, T.V. Riley Clinical Microbiology and Infection Volume 22, Issue 3, Pages 266.e1-266.e7 (March 2016) DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.11.017 Copyright © 2015 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Concentration of viable Clostridium difficile in faeces (a) and on carcase sponges (b). ΔNumber of isolates above the limit of detection. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2016 22, 266.e1-266.e7DOI: (10.1016/j.cmi.2015.11.017) Copyright © 2015 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 (a) Dendrogram cluster analysis of PCR ribotyping banding patterns for 17 unique C. difficile RTs identified in this study. Patterns for epidemic reference RT 078, 244 and 027 are added for comparison. Dendrogram produced using BioNumerics v6.5 and the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) clustering method with Dice coefficient (assigned band peak positions shown, optimization, 1.00%; tolerance, 0.5%). (b) Graphical representation of PCR ribotyping banding patterns for the four clade 5 CDT+ RTs and their similarity to RT 078. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2016 22, 266.e1-266.e7DOI: (10.1016/j.cmi.2015.11.017) Copyright © 2015 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

FIG. S1. Illustration of standardized carcase sampling sites for young calves. S1, the lateral side of the sternum. S2, the flank region below the caudal edge of the 13th rib. S3, the mid-loin area. Image reproduced from Meat Notice 2003/09 [8]. Note: It is common for young calves to show extreme unevenness of the carcase with the backbone protruding several centimetres above the meat. In this instance (and was the case for all calves sampled in this study), a site immediately adjacent to the mid-loin site was used on all carcasses to obtain a more regular and replicable surface for swabbing. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2016 22, 266.e1-266.e7DOI: (10.1016/j.cmi.2015.11.017) Copyright © 2015 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions