Prokaryotes

What is it? Single-celled organism No nucleus No membrane-bound organelles

Prokaryote means… Pro- = greek for “before” (Don’t be confused with the latin pro which means “in favor of”) -karyote = greek for “nut”, AKA the nucleus Prokaryotes were around before cells evolved to have a nucleus to protect the DNA

Are we prokaryotes? No! Animal and plants cells are eukaryotes Eu- = greek for “true” (Eukaryotes have a nucleus!)

Let’s compare! No nucleus Single-celled No membrane-bound organelles PROKARYOTE EUKARYOTE No nucleus Single-celled No membrane-bound organelles Nucleus Single- or multi-cellular Membrane-bound organelles

Let’s compare! PROKARYOTE EUKARYOTE SIMPLE COMPLEX

Prokaryote example BACTERIA!

Prokaryote parts CAPSULE

Prokaryote parts CELL WALL

Prokaryote parts CELL MEMBRANE

Prokaryote parts PILUS (PILI)

Prokaryote parts NUCLEOID (DNA)

Prokaryote parts RIBOSOMES

Prokaryote parts FLAGELLUM

Endosymbiotic Theory Mitochondria and chloroplasts have Their own DNA Two layers of membrane

Endosymbiotic Theory Mitochondria and chloroplasts have Their own DNA Two layers of membrane Scientists hypothesize that these organelles were once single-celled prokaryotes that formed a symbiotic relationship with early eukaryotes.

Endosymbiotic Theory