Acids Sour taste Change the color of acid-base indicators (turn litmus to red) Some react with active metals and release hydrogen gas, H2 React with bases to produce salts and water (Neutralization reactions) Contain H+ when dissolved in aqueous solutions pH less than 7 Binary acids, oxyacids and organic acids

Bases Taste bitter Change the color of acid-base indicators (turn litmus to blue) Dilute aqueous solutions feel slippery React with acids to produce salts and water pH more than 7 Many soluble bases (alkali) contain hydroxide ions (OH-)

Definitions of Acids and Bases Arrhenius Acid : compound that creates H+ in an aqueous solution Base : compound that creates OH- in an aqueous solution The H+ ion attracts other molecules or ions so strongly that it normally exists as the hydronium ion (H3O+)

Types of acids Monoprotic acids Only have one acidic proton (one hydrogen ion) ex. HClO4, HCl, HNO3 Polyprotic acids (diprotic, triprotic) Can have more than one proton (hydrogen ion) ex. H2SO4, H3PO4

Water can act as an acid or a base!!! Interesting fact… Water can act as an acid or a base!!! Amphoteric compound: Any compound that can act as either an acid or a base

pH scale