Functional Neurologic Symptoms: Assessment and Management Jon Stone, MB,ChB, PhD, FRCP, Alan Carson, MB,ChB, MPhil, MD, FRCP Neurologic Clinics Volume 29, Issue 1, Pages 1-18 (February 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.ncl.2010.10.011 Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions
Fig. 1 Hoover sign is most easily demonstrated in the sitting position. (Reproduced from Stone J. The bare essentials: functional symptoms in neurology. Pract Neurol 2009;9:179–89; with permission of BMJ publications.) Neurologic Clinics 2011 29, 1-18DOI: (10.1016/j.ncl.2010.10.011) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions
Fig. 2 A dragging gait with external or internal hip rotation is characteristic of functional weakness. Neurologic Clinics 2011 29, 1-18DOI: (10.1016/j.ncl.2010.10.011) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions
Fig. 3 Functional/psychogenic dystonia typically presents with a clenched fist or an inverted plantarflexed ankle. (Reproduced from Stone J. The bare essentials: functional symptoms in neurology. Pract Neurol 2009;9:179–89; with permission of BMJ publications.) Neurologic Clinics 2011 29, 1-18DOI: (10.1016/j.ncl.2010.10.011) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions