Unit 1: Intro to Physics Scalars & Vectors

Distances and displacements Distance is ____________________________________ or _________________________________________________ how far an object moves the change in position of an object initial position xi final position xf change in position = xf - xi = Dx Instead of _________ , we will use _____ for distance. Dx d

scalars magnitude ______________– quantities with ______________(size) only vectors ____________– quantities with magnitude and _________ direction Distance d is a _______________. Displacement d is a_____________________ . scalar vector. Vectors are represented by ________________: arrows

Ex: Draw d = 2.0 m, west. Use a scale of 1 cm:1 m. head tail magnitude must have arrow __________ for_________________ use a ___________ to draw a scale and straight line right or up is______________; down or left is ___________ right =___________; up =_______________, etc any vector with same mag. and dir. is_______________ head direction ruler negative positive east north equal Ex: All these vectors are _________________ because they have the same _______________ and _______________: equal magnitude direction

Adding vectors  add using the ________________method.  draw the _____________ displacement _____ as an ________ from the ________ of A to the ________ of B “head to tail” resultant R head arrow tail A B Ex: R Resultant R = _________ 5 m, E R = _____________ Total distance traveled = _________ Resultant displacement =____________ A + B mag. dir. 5m. 5m, E

Ex: If A = 3m, east 3 m, west Then –A = ___________ or = __________ (the __________ sign shows direction) -3 m negative Then -X = If X = Compared to X, -X has the same ________________ , but the opposite _____________________ . magnitude direction

III. Subtracting vectors using the head to tail method. A = 2m B = 3m Given: -B A + (-B) Find A – B = ____________ R A A + (-B): -B 1 m mag. = ______ dir. = ______ R =_________ = _________ 1m, W -1 m W Total distance traveled =___________ but resultant displacement = ______________ 5 m 1 m, W

√(32 + 42) IV. Adding non-parallel vectors. C Find C + D 4 m 3 m D R q 4 m √(32 + 42) start here mag. of R = ____________ 5 m =___________ 5 m, 370 N of E R = _________________ Total distance = _______ dir. of R: q = tan-1 (3/4) 7 m = 370