Chapter 4 The English Colonies I. Jamestown, Virginia -first permanent English settlement in 1607 -John Smith led the poorly prepared colonists -Pocahontas and the Indians helped the colonists survive -John Rolfe helped develop popular tobacco, Virginia is still known for it’s tobacco -John Rolfe and Pocahantas get married -Jamestown colonists and Indians would find peace at first but when the colonists no longer needed the Indians, there was trouble. Colonists began moving onto Indian lands causing problems.

-Indentured Servants were colonists who signed contracts to work for seven years for those people who paid their ship fare to America. -African slaves were also brought to Virginia to work for wealthy planters. -Nathaniel Bacon and his followers were unhappy with the conditions of Jamestown. (high taxes and lack of available farmland.) Bacon led a rebellion killing Indians and eventually burning down Jamestown. Virginia would need stricter rule from the government of England.

Puritans and Pilgrims -Puritans wanted to reform the Church of England -Separatists wanted to cut all ties with the Church -One group of Separatists were known as Pilgrims. -Pilgrims left England for America in 1620 aboard the Mayflower -They founded Plymouth, Massachusetts and created the Mayflower Compact which was a document of fair laws in an attempt at self-government. -Pilgrims would celebrate first Thanksgiving with the Indians of the area. Relations with Indians would be good in the beginning, but like Jamestown, relations will become strained.

III. The New England Colonies -Economic, political, and religious problems in England led to a Great Migration of people to New England in the colonies -New England consisted of 1. Massachusetts- founded by the Puritans and Pilgrims 2. Connecticut- founded by Thomas Hooker 3. Rhode Island- founded by Roger Williams 4. New Hampshire- founded by fishermen from Massachusetts -The center of family life in New England was the church -The Salem witch trials was an example of extreme church influence in Massachusetts.

IV. The Middle Colonies 6. New York and New Jersey- big business was overseas trade 7. Pennsylvania- founded by William Penn and the Quakers (religious group) 8. Delaware- founded by farmers from Pennsylvania V. Southern Colonies 9. Maryland- English Catholics 10.-11. North and South Carolina- agricultural colonies (rice and tobacco) 12. Virginia- agricultural colony (tobacco) 13. Georgia- founded by George Oglethorpe and English debtors (people that were in major debt in England and could afford their bills there.