Starter Activity On mini-whiteboards – define each of the 6 skill classification continua.

1. Watch the video, write down all the sports you see. 2. Now choose a skill within those sports and classify them using our 6 continuums. 3. Draw the 6 continuums and place 6 of the sports on to each continua.

Skill Acquisition Transfer of Learning A Level PE Skill Acquisition Transfer of Learning What types of transfer are there? How can you ensure that transfer is as positive as possible?

Transfer of learning Learning and performance of one skill can be affected by the learning and performance of another Transfer will happen in the early stages of skill development (when learning a new skill) There are four types of Transfer you need to know and apply to sporting situations.

Transfer of learning (1) Positive- learning of one skill is aided by that of another because of similarities in the execution Tennis player learning to serve in volleyball Negative- learning of one skill is hindered by that of another because the skills are similar but not identical in the execution Tennis player learning to play squash- subroutines are used in a different way Change in tactic- zonal to man-to-man defence in basketball

Transfer of learning (2) Zero- No resemblance between the skills and therefore no affect on either skill A cyclist learning to swim Bilateral- Learnt skill is transferred from limb to limb across the body Right footed footballer learning to use their left

Task Write down 5 skills from your main sport Link those skills with 5 skills from other sports that may benefit from positive transfer. Choose 5 skills from other sports that may suffer from negative transfer. Identify which of your skills would benefit from bi-lateral transfer

Transfer of learning (cont.) Positive transfer is the most beneficial and coaches can encourage it by:- Offer realistic approaches to training Cones in early stages of learning Then add in real defenders to aid transfer to game. Progressive tasks Ensure easiest part of the skill is well learnt before moving on Accurate demonstrations Regular feedback Can fine-tune performance to reduce risk of negative transfer Positive reinforcement When a player brings a skill form a previous game coach can highlight that as a starting point.

Question Coaches may consider transfer of learning when coaching new skills. Apart from positive transfer, explain three other forms of transfer of learning that may occur. A. Negative – hinders learning of new skill. B. Zero – no effect/impact on learning of skill E. Bilateral – practice on limb on one side of body improves other side Must have term and explanation for the mark A. Do not accept ‘has negative effect on learning’ B. Do not accept ‘has zero effect on learning’ B. Do not accept no transfer E. need side to side not just ’limb to limb’