Evaluation of Parental Mitochondrial Inheritance in Neonates Born after Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Claude Danan, Damien Sternberg, André Van Steirteghem,

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Evaluation of Parental Mitochondrial Inheritance in Neonates Born after Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Claude Danan, Damien Sternberg, André Van Steirteghem, Cécile Cazeneuve, Philippe Duquesnoy, Claude Besmond, Michel Goossens, Willy Lissens, Serge Amselem The American Journal of Human Genetics Volume 65, Issue 2, Pages 463-473 (August 1999) DOI: 10.1086/302484 Copyright © 1999 The American Society of Human Genetics Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 DGGE of mtDNA D-loop region amplified by PCR. Four representative DGGE patterns, of those in the 21 investigated families, are shown (a–d) H = homoduplexes; h = heteroduplexes. In a and b, all the individuals are homoplasmic; in c, only the father has heteroplasmy; in d, the mother and her daughter have a heteroplasmic pattern. In all experiments, a mix of paternal and maternal DNAs (lanes M) is analyzed in the same conditions, to anticipate the heteroduplex location in the gel. The American Journal of Human Genetics 1999 65, 463-473DOI: (10.1086/302484) Copyright © 1999 The American Society of Human Genetics Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Quantification of paternal-specific mtDNA by means of REA of α[32P]-radiolabeled PCR products. One representative experiment is shown: analysis of the paternal-specific HaeIII 61-bp restriction fragment of radiolabeled LOP1-GCLOP2 PCR products in family 2. Phosphorimager counts (y-axis) were recorded from each 2-mm portion of the migration lane containing the paternal-specific fragments (x-axis). PCR products were obtained by standard dilutions with different paternal:maternal DNA ratios—1:25 (D1), 1:50 (D2), 1:100 (D3), 1:250 (D4), and 1:500 (D5)—as well as from DNAs of the two children (C1 and C2) and their mother (M). The sensitivity level of detection of the paternal-specific band is of 0.2%–0.4 %. Similar results were observed for the paternal-specific HaeIII 185-bp restriction fragment (data not shown). The American Journal of Human Genetics 1999 65, 463-473DOI: (10.1086/302484) Copyright © 1999 The American Society of Human Genetics Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Quantification of paternal-specific mtDNA by means of PS-PCR followed by REA. One representative experiment is shown: analysis of the paternal-specific SphI 363-bp restriction fragment in family 3. The mtDNA PCR products generated with a paternal-specific primer were analyzed by electrophoresis both before (panel a) and after (panel b) enzymatic digestion by SphI, an enzyme that specifically recognized the paternal sequence. After digestion, the 428-bp fragment generated a 363-bp fragment, in the presence of paternal mtDNA only. The DNA templates analyzed in each lane originated from the father (lanes P), the mother (lanes M), and their child (lanes C), as well as from four standard dilutions with definite paternal:maternal DNA ratios—1:10 (D1), 1:100 (D2), 1:1,000 (D3), and 1:10,000 (D4). L = Φx/HaeIII size marker. Note the absence of amplification of the maternal DNA with this paternal-specific primer, whereas all other templates including the child's DNA gave rise to a 428-bp amplified product; however, the paternal-specific 363-bp fragment was absent from the PCR product generated from the child's DNA. This emphasizes the importance of assessment of the paternal specificity of PCR products by means of a second method after preferential amplification of the paternal mtDNA. The American Journal of Human Genetics 1999 65, 463-473DOI: (10.1086/302484) Copyright © 1999 The American Society of Human Genetics Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Quantification—by means of depletion of maternal mtDNA, followed by REA—of paternal-specific mtDNA. One representative experiment is shown: analysis of the paternal-specific TaqI 492- and 210-bp restriction fragments of PCR products generated from DNA templates that first have been digested with ScaI, which recognized the maternal D-loop sequence only (family 1). The DNA templates analyzed in each lane originated from the father (lane P), the mother (lane M), and their children (lanes C1 and C2), as well as from three standard dilutions with definite paternal:maternal DNA ratios—1:100 (D1), 1:1,000 (D2), and 1:10,000 (D3); L = Φx/HaeIII size marker. The American Journal of Human Genetics 1999 65, 463-473DOI: (10.1086/302484) Copyright © 1999 The American Society of Human Genetics Terms and Conditions