Infants, Children, and Adolescents Laura E. Berk 6th edition Chapter 17 Emerging Adulthood This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: Any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; Preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part of any images; Any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

Do You Feel That You Have Reached Adulthood?

Areas of Exploration in Emerging Adulthood Education Romance Career Residence Politics Religion

Postponing Marriage In 1950, the average age of first marriage was about 20 for women and 23 for men. Currently, the comparable ages are 25 and 27 in the United States, and 28 and 30 in Canada.

Coming Home More than half of 18 to 25-year –olds return to their parent’s home for a brief period after leaving. The end of college, job transitions, or failures in work or love can bring young people home. Lower-SES and ethnic minority emerging adults are more likely to live with parents. The longer bridge between adolescence and adulthood is an emerging cultural construction.

Cultural Change and Emerging Adulthood Developed economies Longer education needed, so longer emerging adulthood Dramatic Gains in Life Expectancy Young people in traditional, non-Western countries do not experience Low-SES in Western nations may not experience

Postformal Thought Important advances in thinking follow the attainment of formal operations College students make impressive strides College as “developmental testing ground” “Culture shock” Exposure to many viewpoints Social experiences combine with personal effort to spark new ways of thinking

Development of Epistemic Cognition William Perry Our reflections on how we arrived at facts, beliefs, and ideas Dualistic Thinking Relativistic Thinking Commitment Within Relativistic Thinking Importance of peer interaction and reflection

Emotional and Social Changes Advances in identity development Breadth and depth Many aspects of life course that were once socially structured are now left up to the individual to decide, a process that requires self-efficacy, purpose, and confidence in overcoming obstacles. Personal agency

Love in Emerging Adulthood Erikson – Intimacy Intimacy helped by: Partner similarity Good communication Secure internal working model of attachment Cohabitation longer term in Europe than North America

Work in Emerging Adulthood More preparation for adult work Internships, apprenticeships, college majors Mentors Levinson – “Dream” stage Men: career-focused Women: split dreams

Gender in Emerging Adulthood During college, women’s career ambitions often decline partly because of questions about ability and partly because of questions about combining work with parenthood. Women who achieve have four experiences in common: A college environment that values the achievement of women Frequent interaction with faculty and professionals in their field The opportunity to test their abilities in supportive extracurricular, internship, and work environments Models of accomplished women who have successfully dealt with family-career role conflict

Ethnic Minorities in Emerging Adulthood Ethnic minorities are at a greater risk for dropping out of college. College programs that reach out to high-risk students increase retention. Racial bias in career opportunities remains strong. Ethnic minority women must surmount combined gender and racial discrimination to realize their career potential.

Relationship of Ethnicity of Job Applicant’s Name to Employer Callback

Worldviews Civic and Political Commitments Religion and Spirituality

What Values Do You Think Are Most Important to Pass on to the Next Generation?

Resources That Foster Resilience in Emerging Adulthood Cognitive Attributes Emotional and Social Attributes Social Supports Relationships with parents have an especially wide-ranging influence.

Loneliness Over the Lifespan