Mesopotamia Sumer, Egypt, and Israel

Opening Activity Spend the first 10 minutes working on your organizer that was given to you on Friday. We will distribute quizzes shortly

What do we want to study? Compare three regions in terms of: Their language, religion, architecture, and leaders. Identify on a map where these civilizations existed Explain the religion of Judiaism Know its sacred text, leaders, and tradtions.

Where are we going to? We are headed to the Middle East. Areas of the current countries of Egypt, Iraq, Iran, and Israel.

Who were the first inhabitants? Most early pre-history people were nomads, meaning they roamed from place to place The nomads lived during the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age. They roamed around b/c they were looking for food. Once they learned how to grow food, they settled near rivers, created various technology, or tools to help preform better at tasks.

This period is called the Neolithic Period, or New Stone Age.

Look at your map This is a map of : What bodies of water surround this area Where do the two rivers empty to? What are the two earliest rivers named What are Babylon and Ur located near rivers?

The Sumerians Existed in the Tigris-Euphrates River Valley Formed city-states or cities with small surrounding areas of rule. Had a King Developed cunieform writing Built large ziggurats or religious temples Three social class system- kings and relgious people, merchant-farmer, slaves

Sumerians Created the story The Epic of Gilgamesh Created the sailboat, 60 second minute, a numbering system based on 60, and the 360 degree circle.

Opening activity Use the following terms to fill in the blank of the sentence. Write the sentence down in your graphic organizer (on back). Paleolithic, Neolithic. In the _______ or Old Stone Age, man was nomadic. In the _______ or New Stone Age, man settled and started to farm.

The Assyrians Developed the first empire or large region ruled by one person Developed the first iron weapons, which made them fierce warriors A well organized government that was divided into provinces or divisions Great builders of temples in the city of Ninevah

Chaldeans Led by King Nebuchadnezzar Built the great city of Babylon Babylon becomes a major trade city under their rule Know for their developments in astronomy. Sundials and the seven day week

What is a criminal law? What is a civil law? Criminal law is a law that deals with harm to a person or animal. Civil law deals with disputes or actions of negligence between two parties.

objective Analyze Hammurabi’s code. Discuss reasons for having law Evaluate the fairness of the Hammurabi’s code Create laws based on situations Hammurabi may have faced.

A law has to be Fair to everyone Enforced Consistent Has to have punishment if you break it.

Hammurabi King of Babylon Wrote the first code of written law Law focused not only on the laws, but punishments as well. Law has become the “gold standard” of how we write our laws today.

The Code of Hammurabi 282 laws An “Eye for an Eye and tooth for a tooth” Look at the examples on your sheet.

Hammurabi Situations Divide into groups Read the situation that Coach Owens gives you I’ll give you the situation You resolve it Write the situation on the board and the law.

What should be done to the carpenter who builds a house that falls and kills the owner? Rule 229 If a builder builds a house for a man and does not make its construction sound, and the house which he has built collapses and causes the death of the owner of the house, the builder shall be put to death.

What should be done when a "sister of god" (or nun) enters the wine shop for a drink? Rule 110 If a "sister of god" (nun) who is not living in a convent opens a wine shop or enters a wine shop for a drink, they shall burn that woman.  

What should happen to a boy who slaps his father? Rule 195 If a son strikes his father, they shall cut off his hand.

What should be done about a wife who ignores her duties and belittles her husband? Rule 143 If the woman has not been careful but has gadded about, neglecting her house and belittling her husband, they shall throw that woman into the water.

How is the truth determined when one man brings an accusation against another? Rule #2 If any one bring an accusation against a man, and the accused go to the river and leap into the river, if he sink in the river his accuser shall take possession of his house. But if the river prove that the accused is not guilty, and he escape unhurt, then he who had brought the accusation shall be put to death, while he who leaped into the river shall take possession of the house that had belonged to his accuser