iClicker Questions for Exploring Psychology, 9th Edition by David G. Myers Karla Gingerich, Colorado State University Chapter 12: Personality

Jaydon lacks any recognition that his alcohol abuse and neglect of his family are leading to the destruction of both family and career. A psychoanalyst would suggest that Jaydon shows signs of a: A. strong ego. B. weak id. C. strong superego. D. weak ego. Answer: D

El Salvadorans have a saying: “The thief thinks everyone else is a thief.” This most clearly relates to the defense mechanism of: A. displacement. B. rationalization. C. projection. D. regression. Answer: C

Bryce often acts so daring and overly confident that few people realize he is actually riddled with unconscious insecurity and self-doubt. Bryce best illustrates the use of a defense mechanism known as: A. reaction formation. B. projection. C. displacement. D. rationalization. Answer: A

Children who have witnessed a parent’s murder report memories that most clearly challenge Sigmund Freud’s concept of: A. rationalization. B. the Oedipus complex. C. displacement. D. repression. Answer: D

Which Neo-Freudian theorist was most interested in the common images found in myths from around the world? A. Carl Jung B. Karen Horney C. Alfred Adler D. Hermann Rorschach Answer: A

Which psychological assessment is NOT associated with the psychoanalytic tradition? A. TAT B. Rorschach C. MMPI D. Draw-A-Person test Answer: B

Humanistic psychology has been most closely associated with an emphasis on the importance of: A. free association. B. empirically derived tests. C. reciprocal determinism. D. a positive self-concept. Answer: D

Shari is a rather anxious person Shari is a rather anxious person. Since she is so insecure, she frequently seeks out the reassurance of others. On which of the Big Five characteristics would Shari likely score high? A. neuroticism B. extraversion C. openness D. conscientiousness Answer: A

After experiencing prolonged and seemingly inescapable physical abuse from her husband, Kayla became increasingly depressed and hopelessly resigned to her suffering. Her reaction best illustrates: A. a reaction formation. B. an Electra complex. C. learned helplessness. D. an inferiority complex. Answer: C

Although she is intelligent and a good athlete, Abigail believes that her low grades in school and losing the quarter-mile racing record are reflections of her own intellectual and athletic incompetence. Her conclusions best illustrate a pessimistic: A. projection. B. ideal self. C. reaction formation. D. attributional style. Answer: D

Researchers have found that when asked to rate themselves on socially desirable dimensions such as how ethical they are or how hard they work, most people rate themselves as: A. average. B. far below average. C. just a bit below average. D. above average. Answer: D

Critical Thinking Questions

Sigmund Freud has suggested that, in the process of sublimation, behaviors that are caused by fixations are converted into socially responsible behaviors. If you look at nursery rhymes, you may get an idea of what this means. Continued on next slide

Continued from previous slide In the following nursery rhyme, at what psychosexual stage do you think the character might be fixated? Mary, Mary quite contrary, How does your garden grow? With silver bells, and cockle shells And pretty maids all in a row. A. Oral B. Anal C. Phallic D. Latency Answer: B

Aidan is in the process of trying to become like his father Aidan is in the process of trying to become like his father. He has unconscious sexual feelings for his mother, but he is able to ward off his guilt by identifying with his father rather than showing the jealousy he feels toward him. Continued on next slide

Continued from previous slide According to Sigmund Freud, Aidan is in the _________ psychosexual stage of development. A. Oral B. Anal C. Phallic D. Latency Answer: C

You decide to set up a dating service based on the Big Five principles of personality. You measure people for their personality types. Which of the following personality types would you think would be the best match? A. Hostile and Hostile B. Open and Closed C. Open and Open D. Neurotic and Neurotic Answer: C

In a job interview for a position as an elementary school teacher, you are asked to take a Rorschach test. How would you respond to this request? A. Take the test; after all, it is a well-known psychological tool. B. Take the test, because it has been successfully used to predict emotional disorders. C. Decline to take the test, because it is illegal to administer in this situation. D. Decline to take the test, because it has questionable reliability and validity and can lead to inaccurate evaluation. Answer: D