Ch 3 The Skeletal System

Overview Bones> oss/e, oss/I, oste/o, ost/o: Act as the framework for the body, protect the internal organs, and store the mineral calcium. Bone Marrow> myel/o: Forms some blood cells. Cartilage> chondr/o: Creates a smooth surface for motion within the joints and protects the ends of the bones. Joints> arthr/o: Work with the muscles to make a variety of motions possible.

Tissues of a Bone: Periosteum: The tough, fibrous tissue that forms the outermost covering of the bone. Compact Bone: The hard, dense, and very strong bone that forms the outer layer of the bones. Spongy Bones: Lighter and not as strong as compact bone, it is commonly found in the ends and inner portions of long bones such as the femur. Red bone marrow is located within this spongy bone. Medullary Cavity: Located in the shaft of a long bone. It is lined with endosteum and contains yellow bone marrow.

Review of Skull Bones

Words Arthrosclerosis> stiffness of the joints, especially in the elderly Osteochondroma> the most common benign bone tumor Costals> 12 pairs of ribs Cranium> the portion of the skull that encloses the brain Kyphosis> abnormal curvature of the spine AKA: humpback Lordosis> abnormal curvature of the spine AKA: swayback Myeloma> malignant tumor Osteoarthritis> a form of arthritis commonly associated with aging AKA: wear and tear arthritis Arthrodesis> surgical stiffening of a joint or joining of spinal vertebrae AKA: fusion Arthrolysis> surgical loosening of a joint

Ch 3 Terms arthr/o> body joint chondro/o> cartilage cost/o> rib crani/o> skull kypho/o> bent, hump lord/o> curve, swayback, bent myel/o> spinal cord, bone marrow oss/e, oss/I, ost/o, oste/o> bone -desis surgical fixation of bone or joint, to bind, tie together –lysis breakdown, separation, setting free, destruction, loosening