Bell Ringer 11-18-09 DO NOT LOOK IN YOUR BOOK OR VOCABULARY!! Write the definition of a solution in your own words. What is an example of a solution?

Understanding Solutions Chapter 7 Section 1 Understanding Solutions

Solutions, Solvents, & Solutes A solution is a well- mixed mixture that contains a solvent and at least one solute.

The solute is the substance that dissolves to form a solution The solute is the substance that dissolves to form a solution. The solute is the smallest amount in a solution. The solvent is the substance in which a solute dissolves. The solvent is the largest amount in a solution.

Water Water is the universal solvent since it dissolves so many substances. Solutions with Water: Sap, Blood, Saliva, Tears, Sweat, Urine

A solution has the same properties throughout and its solute particles are too small to see. Solutions without water  gas

Examples of Common Solutions Chart on page 223

Colloids A colloid is a mixture containing small, undissolved particles that do not settle out. It contains larger particles than a solution. The particles are still too small to be seen easily, but large enough to scatter a light beam. Ex: gelatin, fog, milk, mayonaise, shaving cream

Suspensions A suspension is a mixture in which particles can be seen and easily separated by settling or filtration. It does not have the same properties throughout. It contains visible particles that are larger than the particles in solutions or colloids. Ex: pepper in water, snow in snow globe

Particles in a Solution When a solution forms, particles of the solute leave each other and become surrounded by particles or the solvent.

Effects of Solutes on Solvents Solutes lower the freezing point and raise the boiling point of a solvent.

Concentration and Solubility Chapter 7 Section 2 Concentration and Solubility

Measuring Concentration The concentration of a solution is how much solute is present compared to the amount of solvent. To measure concentrations, you compare the amount of solute to the amount of solvent.

Solubility Solubility is a measure of how much solute can dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature. A saturated solution contains so much solute that no more dissolves. An unsaturated solution can continue to dissolve more solute.

Solubility can be used to help identify a substance because it is a characteristic property of matter.

Factors Affecting Solubility Pressure Type of Solvent Temperature

Describing Acids and Bases 7.3 Notes Describing Acids and Bases

Properties of Acids Taste Sour Reacts with Metals and Carbonates Turns blue litmus paper red

Properties of Bases Taste bitter Feels slippery Turns red litmus paper blue

Litmus Paper Is an easy way to identify quickly whether an unknown compound is an acid or a base.

Uses of Acids and Bases Acids and bases have many uses around the home and in industry. Examples are on page 240-241 in your science book.