Introduction to Geometry

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Geometry Form 1 Mathematics Chapter 6 Introduction to Geometry

Reminder Drawing Exercises & Dictation SHW (III) & OBQ Today!!!! SHW (III) & OBQ 30 Jan (Wed) SHW (I), (II) Correction 1 Feb (Fri) SHW (III), OBQ Correction 4 Feb (Mon) CBQ 6 Feb (Wed)

Points, Lines and Planes

Angles Angles: Name of angles (middle letter is vertex!)

Types of Angles (p.229) There are six types:

Parallel lines (p.231) When two lines in the same plane, but they do not intersect each other, they are called parallel lines (平行線) A pair of parallel lines is denoted by a pair of arrows (箭號) We write “AB // CD”

Perpendicular lines (p.232) When two lines in the same plane are intersecting at right angle (90), they are called perpendicular lines (垂直線) A right angle will be clearly shown in a pair of perpendicular lines We write “AB  CD”

Plane Figure (p.235) Any shape enclosed by line segments in the same plane is called Plane Figure. Otherwise, it should be a curved surface.

Polygons (多邊形) (p.242) The name of the polygons depends on the number of straight lines: Triangle 3 lines (Tri-) Quadrilateral 4 lines (Quadri-) Pentagon 5 lines (Penta-) Hexagon 6 lines (Hexa-) Octagon 8 lines (Octa-) Number prefix (from wikipedia)

Polygons (多邊形) (p.242) Diagonal (對角線) is the line segment joining any two non-adjacent (不相鄰) vertices (頂點 vertex) A line segment joining two adjacent vertices is called a side (邊) Same side  Equilateral (等邊) polygon Same angle  Equiangular (等角) polygon Both  Regular polygon (正多邊形)

Circle (p.235) All points on the circle (circumference 圓周) are at the same distance (radius半徑) from the a fixed point (centre 圓心). Diameter (直徑) is 2 x Radius (d = 2r) C = d x  (圓周率) or C = 2r   3.14159 26535 897… r C d

Types of Triangle (p.237) Triangles are formed by three straight lines Its name depends on its angles

Angle Sum of a Triangle Sum of angles of a triangle is 180 a + b + c = 180 (Straight angle = 180)

Solids (p.247) Solids are 3-D (three-dimensional) figures. Plane Vertex Plane Curved surface Edge

Drawing Solids Dotted lines Isometric Drawing 1 cm

Cross-section If we cut a solid at right angle to its length, the plane is called a cross-section. If planes from the parallel cuts are the same, the plane is a uniform cross-section

Polyhedra (多面體) When all faces of a solid are polygons only, it is called a polyhedron. Yes! No!

Model of Polyhedra The connected planes of a polyhedron are called a net.

Dictation Words on the PowerPoint files 12 questions Write down the answers one-by-one Final minutes for revision Are you ready?

Dictation Give the English name of the followings: 1. 線段 2. 頂點 3. 平行線 4. 垂直線 5. 鈍角 6. 等腰三角形

Dictation Give the English name of the followings: 7. 圓周 8. 直徑 9. 對角線 10. 正多邊形 11. 等邊五邊形 12. 等角六邊形 Can you get them all?

Dictation Answers Here are the answers: 1. 線段 Line Segment 2. 頂點 Vertex 3. 平行線 Parallel Lines 4. 垂直線 Perpendicular Lines 5. 鈍角 Obtuse Angle 6. 等腰三角形 Isosceles Triangle

Dictation Answers Next we have: 7. 圓周 Circumference 8. 直徑 Diameter 9. 對角線 Diagonal 10. 正多邊形 Regular Polygon 11. 等邊五邊形 Equilateral Pentagon 12. 等角六邊形 Equiangular Hexagon Can you get them all?

Reminder Drawing Exercises & Dictation SHW (III) & OBQ Today!!!! SHW (III) & OBQ 30 Jan (Wed) SHW (I), (II), Dictation Correction 1 Feb (Fri) SHW (III), OBQ Correction 4 Feb (Mon) CBQ 6 Feb (Wed)

Enjoy the world of Mathematics! Ronald HUI