Why were Thomas More and Erasmus known as Christian humanists?

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Presentation transcript:

Why were Thomas More and Erasmus known as Christian humanists? Bell Ringer Why were Thomas More and Erasmus known as Christian humanists?

Luther Leads the Reformation 1.3

Causes of the Reformation Social Humansim/secularism caused people to question Church Printing press spread ideas Political Monarchs challenged Pope Economic Jealous of Church’s wealth/resentment over taxes Religious Church leaders corrupt and wealthy Sale of indulgences (pardon)

Early Calls for Reform Denied pope had worldly power Bible had more authority than the Church More Europeans reading religious works and forming own opinions

Luther Challenges the Church 1517: Challenged friar Johann Tetzel – selling indulgences Oct 1517: Wrote 95 Thesis Formal statements attacking Church Actions unknowingly began the Reformation

Luther’s Teachings People could win salvation only by faith in God’s forgiveness Church taught faith and “good works” were needed for salvation All Church teachings should be based on the Bible Teachings came from the Church leaders All people with faith are equal Priests interpreted the Bible for the people

The Response to Luther 1520: Pope Leo X excommunicates Luther 1521: Holy Roman Emperor Charles V calls Luther to stand trial Issues Edict of Worms Declares Luther an outlaw and heretic 1522: Luther returns to Wittenberg Discovers he has followers – Lutherans 1524: Peasants apply Luther’s ideas to life and revolt

Peace of Augsburg 1529: ½ German princes support Luther – ½ support Pope German princes that supported Luther were protesting the pope – became known as Protestants Charles V went to war with Protestants 1555: Issued Peace of Augsburg: each prince decides religion for state

England becomes Protestant Henry VIII desires male heir – wants to divorce or annul 1534: Parliament passes Act of Supremacy Makes Henry the head of England’s Church After death: Edward VI Mary Elizabeth 1559: Sets up the Anglican Church with Elizabeth as leader Meant to be acceptable to Catholics and Protestants