Developed v. Developing Countries WG.8: The student will distinguish between developed and developing countries and relate the level of economic development to the standard of living and quality of life.

Developed vs. Developing Countries How and why does the level of economic development vary from one part of the world to another?

Developed vs. Developing Countries What factors differ between developed and developing countries? Access to natural resources Access to capital resources Number of human resources, skills of human resources Economic development GDP per capita = value of goods produced in a country total population in country

Developed vs. Developing Countries Map What level of development is the United States classified as? What other countries are classified as “advanced economies” – developed countries Where are the majority of developing countries located?

Developed vs. Developing Countries Availability of natural resources -high access to natural resources -examples: water, oil, and natural gas -little access to natural resources Access to capital resources (investments) -technology is advanced -infrastructure is strong & supports country -technology is limited -infrastructure is weak Human Resources -well-educated -highly skilled workers -poorly trained -low skill workers

Indicators of economic Development Urban development Labor force Primary sectors – extraction of raw materials Secondary sectors – transform raw materials into goods Tertiary sectors – supplying services to consumers Educational achievement A rise in per capita GDP signals growth in the economy and tends to translate as an increase in productivity

Developed vs. Developing Countries Levels of Economic Development -GDP -Per Capita Income -GDP is usually very high -Per Capita Income is often $20,000 or higher -GDP is usually low -Per Capita Income is often $5,000 or less Urban / Rural Ratio -Population Distribution -large number of people live in urban areas -large number of people live in rural areas

Based on the GDP per capita ratings, what countries are well off? What countries are almost half the GDP per capita compared to Norway and Singapore?

Highly Urbanized Areas in North America 1 5 4 3 1. Vancouver 2. Los Angeles 3. Chicago 4. Toronto 5. Montreal 6. New York City 7. Washington D.C. 6 7 2

Developed vs. developing Countries Labor Force characteristics -primary -secondary -tertiary -Primary sector makes up small part of the economy -Secondary sector most of the economy -Tertiary sector – largest part of the economy -Primary is the largest part of the economy -Secondary is a small part of the economy -Tertiary is few very or nonexistent in economy Education Achievement -Most of the population has high school diploma and may have college degrees -Majority of population has little opportunity to education beyond 8th grade

Education Achievement in Developed & Developing Countries What is the difference in the average years of schooling between developing and developed countries in 2010? How much has the average number of years for secondary education changed in advanced countries from 1970 to 2010? How much has the average number of years for primary education changed in developing countries between 1970 & 2010?

Indicators of Standards of Living & Quality of Life Population growth rate Population age distribution Literacy rate Life expectancy Infant mortality rate Urban population % http://www.globalization101.org/problems-of-development-today/ -Other common constraints on development are high economic poverty, hunger, high mortality rates, unsafe water supplies, poor education systems, corrupt governments, war, and poor sanitation. These factors all combine to create what the World Bank calls “poverty traps”—cycles that must be broken for countries to develop -The World Bank, therefore, recommends that countries focus on six areas of policy to improve chances of development: Investment in education and health Increasing productivity of small farms Improving infrastructure (for example, roads) Developing an industrial policy to promote manufacturing Promoting democracy and human rights Ensuring environmental protection

Population Age Distribution Which country has a higher % of population age 0-9 years old? Which country has a higher & of population age 60-80+? Is the population of the Democratic Republic of Congo primarily older or younger? What about the U.S.?

Compare the map of countries listed as developed or developing countries to the map on literacy rates. What similarities do you see between the two maps? What relationship can you infer from the literacy rate and the classification of developed or developing countries?

Literacy Rates in the World

What is the life expectancy of developed countries in 2005-2010 What is the life expectancy of developed countries in 2005-2010? Developing countries? What is the difference between the life expectancy for developed countries in 2005-2010 and 1950-1955?

What region has the highest infant mortality rate? What region(s) have the lowest infant mortality rate? Why do you think the infant mortality rate has decreased over time, and will continue to decrease?

Quality of Life Compare the two pie graphs. What are the similarities and differences?

Indicators of Standards of Living & Quality of Life

Air Pollution