Lisa A. Harvey, MAppSc, Jack Crosbie, PhD

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Biomechanical analysis of a weight-relief maneuver in C5 and C6 quadriplegia Lisa A. Harvey, MAppSc, Jack Crosbie, PhD Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 81, Issue 4, Pages 500-505 (April 2000) DOI: 10.1053/mr.2000.3788 Copyright © 2000 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 A schematic plan of the experimental setting. To minimize problems associated with light reflection, the cameras were not arranged symmetrically around the subject. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2000 81, 500-505DOI: (10.1053/mr.2000.3788) Copyright © 2000 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Stick-figure representation of three points in time during the upward phase of lifting taken from the data of subject 2. The closed circles on the upper limb refer to the center of the wrist, elbow, and shoulder joints, and the ones down the spine refer the markers on CV7, TV4, TV12, and the pelvis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2000 81, 500-505DOI: (10.1053/mr.2000.3788) Copyright © 2000 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Mean (±SE) shoulder flexion (●) and abduction (○), elbow flexion (▾), and wrist flexion (▿) expressed as a percentage of seated body weight lifted. Zero-degree shoulder flexion and abduction indicates that the upper arm is parallel to the C7-T4 segment, 0° elbow flexion indicates that the elbow is fully extended, and 0° wrist flexion indicates that the forearm is perpendicular to the horizontal. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2000 81, 500-505DOI: (10.1053/mr.2000.3788) Copyright © 2000 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Mean (±SE) shoulder (●), elbow (▾), and wrist (▿) flexor moment and shoulder adductor moment (○) (N · m · kg−1) expressed as a percentage of seated body weight lifted. All data are expressed as internal muscle moments. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2000 81, 500-505DOI: (10.1053/mr.2000.3788) Copyright © 2000 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Raw EMG trace of subject 2 for the upper pectoralis (top trace), anterior deltoid (second trace), latissimus dorsi (third trace), and biceps brachii (fourth trace) muscles. The scale of each trace, the length of the entire lift, and the length of the upward phase of the lift are indicated. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2000 81, 500-505DOI: (10.1053/mr.2000.3788) Copyright © 2000 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions