Religions of the Empire

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Religions of the Empire Mystery religions Required secrecy from members Built on dying and rising gods Promised that members could be deified Mithraism: popular with roman soldiers Based on righteousness, law and order Mithra: the “unconquerable sun god” Born Dec 25

Mithraism Only open to men 7 stages of initiation before eternal life The evil would be consumed by a great fire

The Imperial cult Called for “worship” of the emperor Began with Augustus – declared Julius Caesar to be divine Made sacrifices to the ‘genius’ of the emperor Were called “savior’, “lord”, “son of god” Several emperors were deified during their life times- at their insistence - Caligula, Nero, Domitian Jews were generally exempt from observing this religion

Greek Philosophies Epicureanism: true pleasure came from a life well lived But, this life is all there is When we die we simply dissolve as we are all made of atoms Stoicism: goals are duty and freedom from passions We are obligated to treat others well as we are all related No place for God

Magic and Astrology Many believed that life was ruled by chance – fate So, many wished to determine what fate had in store for us Done with astrology, magic words, séances The world was a mystery and this gave some sense of knowledge Gave a sense of security, control, and power