© 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

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Presentation transcript:

© 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky Soil Compaction, 2013 1/18/2019 © 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Compaction Problems in Corn 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

© 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky Surface Compaction 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

© 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky Surface Compaction 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Subsurface Compaction 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Subsurface Compaction 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Strange Leaf Symptoms linked to Subsurface Compaction 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Subsurface Compaction 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Smearing on the sidewall 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Field Problems © 2012, Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky Stunted Corn May 18, 2012. Daviess County. Some of the roots appear to have been clipped by grubs. The layering of the soil indicates minimal compaction. Photo: Clint Hardy 1/18/2019 Field Problems © 2012, Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

K Deficiency – Subsurface Compaction in this Area 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

© 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky Sidewall Compaction 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

© 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky Sidewall Compaction 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

© 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky Sidewall Compaction 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Shallow Seed Placement – Resulted in K Deficiency 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

K Deficiency from Shallow Seed Placement 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

K Deficiency – Shallow Planting 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Compaction can lead to this. 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Compaction Problems in Soybean 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Very “Mild” Subsurface Compaction 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Yellow Areas have “Mild” Subsurface Compaction 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Soybean with Excellent Nodules 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Soybean – No Nodules where Compaction Occurred 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

© 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky Sidewall Compaction 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Yellow Soybeans are from Sidewall Compaction 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

© 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky Severe K Deficiency 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Subsurface Compaction Resulting in the Severe K Deficiency 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Subsurface Compaction 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Yellow Soybeans from Subsurface Compaction 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

© 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky Soil Compaction Working the field “one day” too early is the most common way to get compaction. Tillage. Driving heavy loads across the field. 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

© 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky Mud on the press wheels implies a wet soil for planting – high risk for sidewall compaction. 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

Idealized Kentucky Soil Macropores 25% Soil Minerals (Silt loam) 47% Micropores 25% Organic Matter 3%

Worst tools for compaction Disk Moldboard plow Anything that forms a smear 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky

© 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky A Deep Ripper May Help Be sure the ripper will get below the compaction layer Rip when the soil is dry Use narrow shanks Minimize disturbance of the soil surface 1/18/2019 © 2011, 2012, 2013 Chad Lee, Univ. of Kentucky