Happy Tuesday! – 2/3 Which of these correctly summarizes the pathway taken by the genetic code during protein synthesis? A DNA  mRNA  chromosome  tRNA  protein B DNA  tRNA  ribosome  mRNA  protein C DNA  mRNA  ribosome  tRNA  protein D DNA  tRNA  chromosome  mRNA  protein

Review Time!!

What process is cell growth and division? Cell Cycle

What are the two phases of the cell cycle? Interphase and Mitosis

What is the longest phase in the cell cycle? Interphase

What are the phases of interphase? G1, S, G2

What are the phases of mitosis? Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis

During what phase do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell? Metaphase

During what phase does the nuclear envelope disappears, DNA condenses into chromosomes, and centrioles start to move toward opposite poles? Prophase

During what phase does the nuclear envelope reappears, DNA unwinds, and cleavage furrow appears? Telophase

During what phase do chromosomes move away toward opposite poles? Anaphase

What phase produces two identical daughter cells? Cytokinesis

What cell organelle is responsible for moving chromosomes during mitosis? Spindle fibers

What is uncontrolled cell growth called? Cancer

In what phase of the cell cycle is DNA repaired? S phase of interphase

What is phase of the cell cycle is shown? Anaphase

What is phase of the cell cycle is shown? Telophase

What is phase of the cell cycle is shown? Metaphase

Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid What does DNA stand for? Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid

DNA holds the instructions for making ______. proteins

What cell organelle makes proteins? Ribosomes

Why can’t DNA take the instructions for making proteins straight to ribosome? DNA is too big to leave nucleus, and ribosomes are found out in the cytoplasm.

Who makes a copy of DNA’S instructions and carries them to ribosomes? mRNA

What is the process of making copies of DNA called? Replication

What four nitrogen bases are found in DNA? Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine

What amino acid is coded by CCU? Proline

What amino acid is coded by GAC? Aspartic Acid

What are the base pairing rules in DNA? A – T (Adenine – Thymine) G – C (Guanine – Cytosine)

What are the repeating subunits in DNA called? Nucleotides

What are the three parts of a nucleotide? Phosphate, Sugar, Nitrogen Base

What parts of the nucleotide make up the backbone? Phosphate, Sugar

What sugar is found in DNA? Deoxyribose

What sugar is found in RNA? Ribose

What part of DNA holds the genetic code? Sequence of nitrogen bases Protein

Where are the hydrogen bonds in DNA found? Between the nitrogen bases

Why is it important that the hydrogen bonds are weak? The two DNA strands must be pulled apart exposing nitrogen bases so the DNA can be replicated before cell division.

What is the process of going from DNA to mRNA called? Transcription

What nitrogen base is found in RNA but not DNA? Uracil

What nitrogen bases does uracil replace in RNA? Thymine

What are the base pairing rules in RNA? A – U (Adenine – Uracil) G – C (Guanine – Cytosine)

What is the process of going from mRNA to proteins called? Translation

In a DNA sequence, there is 20% adenine. How much guanine is there? 30%

Even Sophie knows what makes her unique!! 