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A Delicious Argument

Arguments are made up of four parts: OPINION REASON EVIDENCE OPPOSITION

Opinion The opinion is what you are arguing for or against. An effective opinion is: Arguable: Unless there is some disagreement, there’s no reason to persuade your audience. Precisely worded: A claim cannot have any “wiggle room.”

CMS should start school at 9:00 am instead of 8:00 am… Opinion CMS should start school at 9:00 am instead of 8:00 am…

Reason The reason is why you have that opinion. It is the “because” statement. An effective reason is Something people in general agree with or deem good Expressed clearly Logically connected to your opinion

Reason …because it would improve student learning and achievement. NOT CMS should start school at 9:00 am instead of 8:00 am… …because it would improve student learning and achievement. NOT …because 9 is a lucky number. …because businesses will make more money …because the time school starts right now stinks!

Evidence Evidence is any fact, documentation, testimony, or experience that supports your reason. An effective piece of evidence is What your reader will use to decide if you have an effective argument or not. Connected to the opinion and reason Presented clearly and cited if necessary

Evidence CMS should start school at 9:00 am instead of 8:00 am… …because it would improve student learning and achievement. Students will be able to have more time for a healthy breakfast. Consequently, a healthy breakfast will help students perform better academically.

OPPOSITION Opposition is the other opinion people may have about your argument. Acknowledge the opposition to prove that you understand both sides of an the argument. Use the opposition as a way to come back really strong.

Opposition CMS should start school at 9:00 am instead of 8:00 am… …because it would improve student learning and achievement. Students will have more time for a healthy breakfast. Consequently, a healthy breakfast will help students perform better academically. Some argue that students would not use the extra hour wisely and would continue to sleep in, making them miss breakfast and be late for school.

REBUTTAL (new Reason and Evidence) Rebuttal is how you refute the opposition by pointing out a better or more important point for your side. This is the time to introduce another reasons and supporting evidence. An effective rebuttal Connects to the opposition Uses transition words

Rebuttal CMS should start school at 9:00 am instead of 8:00 am… …because it would improve student learning and achievement. Students will have more time for a healthy breakfast. Consequently, a healthy breakfast will help students perform better academically. Some argue that students would not use the extra hour wisely and would continue to sleep in, making them miss breakfast and be late for school. However, these are assumptions and not facts. According to studies done and researched by the National Sleep Foundation, suburban area schools that pushed back their school start times reported a decrease in absences and tardies and an increase in student achievement.

Opinion (Concluding) The concluding opinion is restating what you are arguing for or against. An effective concluding opinion is: Rephrased to help readers see it in a new way Passionately worded

Opinion (Concluding) CMS should start school at 9:00 am instead of 8:00 am… …because it would improve student learning and achievement. Students will have more time for a healthy breakfast. Consequently, a healthy breakfast will help students perform better academically. Some argue that students would not use the extra hour wisely and would continue to sleep in, making them miss breakfast and be late for school. However, these are assumptions and not facts. According to studies done and researched by the National Sleep Foundation, suburban area schools that pushed back their school start times reported a decrease in absences and tardies and an increase in student achievement. In conclusion, CMS should have a later start time to help students learn more and be more successful. It’s a simple fix with long-term benefits.

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