Human resources and economic Development Kamal singh Lecturer in Economics GCCBA-42 ,Chandigarh Email:kamalsingh84@gmail.com

Meaning of Human Resources Theory of Demographic Transition Impact of Population on Economic Development Impact of economic Development on Population

Human Resources Human resources is a term used to describe the individuals who make up the workforce of an organization

Theory of Demographic Transition The demographic transition (DT) is a model used to represent the transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system. The theory is based on an interpretation of demographic history developed in 1929 by the American demographer Warren Thompson (1887–1973).  

The transition involves four stages, or possibly five In stage one, pre-industrial society death rates and birth rates are high and roughly in balance. In stage two, that of a developing country the death rates drop rapidly due to improvements in food supply and sanitation, which increase life spans and reduce disease. These changes usually come about due to improvements in farming techniques, access to technology, basic healthcare, and education. Without a corresponding fall in birth rates this produces an imbalance, and the countries in this stage experience a large increase in population.

In stage three, birth rates fall due to access to contraception increases in wages, urbanization, a reduction in subsistence agriculture, an increase in the status and education of women, a reduction in the value of children's work, an increase in parental investment in the education of children and other social changes. During stage four there are both low birth rates and low death rates.

Positive impact of Human resources on Economic Development Increase in Production Increase in Labour supply Increase in Demand Increase in labour Productivity

Negative impact Low per capita income Low National Income Reduces the rate of capital formation Food problem Unemployment

Housing Problem Poor Quality of HR Poverty Imbalanced Development Adverse Impact on Environment

Impact of Economic development on Population Increase in Living Standard of population Increase in Number of working women Nuclear families Busyness and Long working hours Increase in awarness