AP World Review: Video #4: The Emergence Of States And New Weapons And Transportation (Key Concept 1.3, II, A-C) Everything You Need To Know About The Emergence Of States And New Weapons And Transportation To Succeed IN AP World www.APWorldReview.com

Emergence Of States What are states? Civilizations with a single political government Where did they first emerge? Mesopotamia and Nile River Valley Rulers often claimed to be divine/have divine support for power Often supported by the military, and religious and aristocratic elites Large populations and access to resources allowed states to expand and conquer other areas

Mesopotamia States Mesopotamia geography left it susceptible to invasion Mesopotamia consisted of city- states Uruk Each city-state was led by a divine king Northern Mesopotamia eventually conquered Sumer in the South

Mesopotamia States Assyria conquered Mesopotamia Created a bureaucratic empire over a large territory

Nile River Valley States Egypt geography made it harder to invade than Mesopotamia Deserts, mountains, seas, etc. Cities were not as important in Egypt as Mesopotamia Egypt took over Nubia to the South for periods of time Egyptian culture spread to Nubia

New Weapons Pastoralists often developed and spread new weapons and technology Weapons: Composite bow: Stronger than traditional bows Often combined with horses Iron weapons: Stronger weapons allowed groups to conquer other areas

New Transportation Chariots: Used by the Hittites to sack Babylon in 1595 B.C.E. Horseback Riding: Faster travel, more destructive warfare Especially when used with bows These new weapons and transportation revolutionized warfare

Quick Recap What are states? Why did they expand? Where did they expand? New weapons that revolutionized transportation and warfare

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