IPv6 in North America North American Global IPv6 Summit June 24-27 2003 Tony Hain Technology Director - IPv6 Forum Technical Directorate Technical Leader - Cisco Systems

Introduction Perception is that "IPv6 has not taken hold strongly within North America" IPv4 address space is less of a problem there than the rest of the world Private sector requires a business case Activities hint at change Test beds and early adopters increasing Wireless infrastructure emerging Industry and Government are looking at the operational advantages Increasing allocation of production global addresses June 2003 Page 2

The pervasiveness of IT is inevitable June 2003 Page 3

IP Address Allocation History 1981 - IPv4 protocol published 1985 ~ 1/16 of total space 1990 ~ 1/8 of total space 1995 ~ 1/3 of total space 2000 ~ 1/2 of total space 2002.5 ~ 2/3 of total space This despite increasingly intense conservation efforts PPP / DHCP address sharing NAT (network address translation) CIDR (classless inter-domain routing) plus some address reclamation Theoretical limit of 32-bit space: ~4 billion devices Practical limit of 32-bit space: ~250 million devices (RFC 3194) ARIN has 15 /8's not counting the 20 /8's for US corporations (non-defense) or the 64 /8's of the legacy /16's. or ~70 /8's China has ~ 1 /8 with just students population larger than NA total India has smaller allocation with population expected to surpass China June 2003 Page 4

IPv6 Prefix Allocations June 2003 Page 5

Vendor status Most networking equipment vendors already ship IPv6 capable products Operating system vendors officially support IPv6 in their latest product releases 2003 and beyond: call for APPLICATIONS Applications must be IPv4/IPv6 version agnostic Successful deployment is driven by applications June 2003 Page 6

Deployment activities 6bone R&D network 185 sites registered including academia, government, research labs, vendors, and ISPs Planned phase out for cease of operations by July 1, 2006 Academia & Research communities National and regional infrastructures are gradually moving to dual stacks, & downstream sites are in the planning stages International partnerships in process Consumer Applications and appliances are emerging this year Substantial availability over next 18 months June 2003 Page 7

Deployment activities Government Early adopters running IPv6 networks Leading target for IPv6 promotion (NAv6TF) with IPv6 called out for examination in National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace Operational networks require validation process Enterprise Minimal deployment beyond vendor development networks Learning curve in architecture and management groups Deployment gated by application and O.S. upgrade strategy June 2003 Page 8

Deployment activities Exchange points 6tap, 6IIX, NY6IX, PAIX, S-IX(NTT San Jose), … ISP Plans are largely driven by customer demand Lack of explicit demand??? Trial networks are up and running C&W, Hurricane, MCI, Qwest, Sprint, Stealth, Verio, … Clear lack of consumer services Dial, DSL, Cable, FttH, … Return on investment (RoI) justifications sought Particularly in the current economic environment June 2003 Page 9

Deployment activities Wireless U.S. wireless service providers finding it difficult to create a viable business plan under the limited growth IPv4 allocation policies Some are currently investigating IPv6 as a way forward, with projected phases of R&D ('03), Trials ('04-05), Production deployment ('06) Several 802.11 Hot Spots already offer IPv6 connectivity service June 2003 Page 10

Deployment concerns Applications Network Management availability Upgrade availability, certification timeframe, … Network Management availability Provisioning, billing, management stations, operator training, … Security Maturity of filtering & intrusion detection devices vs. IPv4 Potential new avenues of attack, and transition interactions IPv6 deployment costs & Return on Investment (RoI) Software/hardware upgrades, training, … Business models for new appliances, applications, and services June 2003 Page 11

Summary ARIN is actively allocating IPv6 prefixes Deployment activities are quietly underway Successful deployment is driven by applications June 2003 Page 12

North-American IPv6 Task Force (NAv6TF) Similar in charter to the other IPv6 Forum regional task forces Mission: To help promote and foster IPv6 adoption within target industries through Short & Long Term Objectives and Deliverables Recently, NAv6TF sent its recommendations to the U.S. President’s Critical Infrastructure Protection Board regarding the National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace Meeting at U.S. Global IPv6 summit – June 2003 IPv6 Demonstration Collaborative initiative (Moonv6) www.iol.unh.edu/consortuims/ipv6/IDCI www.nav6tf.org www.ipv6forum.com June 2003 Page 13