Technologies for Space Exploration

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Presentation transcript:

Technologies for Space Exploration A. Cadiou CNES R&T Service

Miniaturisation of in-situ instruments Instrumentation : CNES R&T priorities for participation to ESA and international programs Miniaturisation of in-situ instruments Optic instrument : atmospheric sounding with a LASER, microscope with an accordable acousto-optic filter Mass spectrometer : micromachining, SIMS miniaturised Ground penetrating radar : increase in frequency, antennas 20 to 300MHz Micro sismometer Exobiology : analysis of return samples Development of an electron cathodoluminescent lamp Identification of biomarkers In-situ chiral analysis of amino acid X band electronic paramagnetic resonance imagery

Vehicle critical technologies Propulsion Power generation Autonomy Robotics Aerothermodynamics Trajectography

Propulsion Mission complexity Orbiter / lander Sun distance (UA) Nuclear thermic and electric Programme Manned flight Apollo d ’exploration Mars Return Solar sample Mars electric Nuclear electric Express Bepi Columbo Orbiter / Chemical lander Solar Voyager Cassini electric Flight over Smart 1 Chemical Galiléo 10 0.1 1 100 Sun distance (UA)

Propulsion ESA/CNES R&T with Snecma on High Power Hall effect thrusters with the objective to increase the thrust and the specific impulse Study of a design close to the PPS1350-G used on Smart1 (scale factor), Study of double stage design allowing the separation of the ionisation and acceleration zone inside the thruster, Technologies improvement : ceramic, magnetic materials, … Research activities on these thrusters (CNRS, CNES, SNECMA) with Russia cooperation (INTAS project)

Power generation Solar cells and batteries (up to Jupiter) Performance improvements are still possible on the multi-jonctions cells Substrate improvement to reduce the mass CNES R&T activities on the Li-ion batteries (SAFT) and on the triple jonctions AsGa cells mainly for the large telecommunication geostationary platforms RTG (Radio-isotopic Thermal Generators) (1W-500W) cooperation with Russia and Alcatel ETCA (Be) through an INTAS project Nuclear electric fission reactor

Autonomy CNES Generic activities on the system with the objectives of : Complete autonomy in routine mode (no TC) Large reduction in the number of TM for the control of the vehicle Increas of the reactivity in case of on board events in suppressing the ground/board loop A ground demonstrator is in preparation in cooperation with ONERA

Robotics CNES R&T activities on : Improvement of the localisation of a rover through the filtering of the wheel measurements Study, realisation and test of an attitude control system with commercial components Cooperation with Russia and EADS ST (Ge) on a Mars Rover using inflatable or unfolding wheels

Aerothermodynamics CNES R&T activities on the modelisation of the interactions between a rarefied gas and a structure Surface catalysis determination for Earth and Mars atmospheric re-entry vehicles – INTAS project with the VKI and Russian Institutes

Trajectography Development with IMCCE (Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul d’Ephémérides) of planetary ephemerides : improvement of the dynamic evolution model of the different elements of the solar system – cooperation with ESA (GAIAA project) and ESOC (supply of data)