Transplantation at 100 Years: Alexis Carrel, Pioneer Surgeon

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Transplantation at 100 Years: Alexis Carrel, Pioneer Surgeon Robert M. Sade, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 80, Issue 6, Pages 2415-2418 (December 2005) DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.08.074 Copyright © 2005 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Upper four panels (left to right): The triangulation technique of small vessel anastomosis. Three fine stay sutures are placed at regular intervals around the circumference of a small vessel. Gentle traction on two of the sutures at a time allows the surgeon to achieve a smooth, everting anastomosis without touching the delicate vessel wall with forceps. Lower four panels: These show anastomoses of a small vessel, larger vessel, and small vessel to larger vessel. (Reprinted from Edwards, Edwards. Alexis Carrel: Visionary surgeon, 1974, 64–83 [13]. Courtesy of Charles C. Thomas Publisher, Ltd, Springfield, Illinois.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2005 80, 2415-2418DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.08.074) Copyright © 2005 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 The Carrel patch. By removing a patch of aortic wall (3) containing the orifice of the renal artery (2), the surgeon places the arterial anastomosis (5) distant from the small renal artery, so that anastomotic blood clots cannot obstruct flow to the kidney, but remain in the much larger aorta (1). (Reprinted from Edwards, Edwards. Alexis Carrel: Visionary surgeon, 1974, 64–83 [13]. Courtesy of Charles C. Thomas Publisher, Ltd, Springfield, Illinois.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2005 80, 2415-2418DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.08.074) Copyright © 2005 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Alexis Carrel at the time of his Nobel Prize presentation, 1912. (Courtesy of the Nobel Foundation.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2005 80, 2415-2418DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.08.074) Copyright © 2005 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions