The division of the cell Cell Cycle: Mitosis The division of the cell

MITOSIS PROPHASE METAPHASE ANAPHASE TELOPHASEE Fig. 10.10a p. 171

Why Divide? Single celled organisms = reproduction Multicellular Growth  while keeping the surface to volume ratio To keep specialized cells in business.

Basically… (1855) Cells come from cells They divide Repair Growth Produce offspring

Mitosis is asexual So what is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction? Asexual = cell inherits all genetic info from one parent. Sexual = Genetic material from both parents combines. Which is the exact genetic copy of the parent? What do your skin cells do? Meiosis prepares for sexual.

Chromosomes In each nucleus of a cell we find chromosomes. Chromosomes are responsible for carrying our genetic code. (DNA). Lets look at the parts of a Chromosome.

Chromatin Chromosomes Sister Chromatids Centromere

Cell Cycle Two phases in the cell cycle Interphase Longest phase Increase in mass, doubles components, duplicates DNA Mitosis Nuclear division

Interphase Most of cell’s life is spent in interphase Cell grows in size Chromosomes are copied for cell division Animal Cell

Mitosis: Prophase First and longest phase of mitosis Chromatin coils up into visible chromosomes Chromosomes are X shaped Two halves are called sister chromatids Held together by the centromere Nuclear envelope breaks up Animal Cell

Prophase

Mitosis: Metaphase Chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell Sister chromatids are attached to to it’s own spindle fiber from opposite poles of the cell Animal Cell

Metaphase

Mitosis: Anaphase The sister chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell Animal Cell

Anaphase

Mitosis: Telophase Final phase of mitosis Nuclear membranes form around the chromatids The plasma membrane pinches together forming two new cells (cytokinesis)

Metaphase to Interphase

Interphase (Plant)

Prophase (Plant)

Metaphase (Plant)

Anaphase (Plant)

Telophase (Plant)